Measles, scarlet fever, smallpox and diphtheria are not only infectious but also contagious, and can be taken by touching the person or anything that has come in contact with the patient.

Anyone who has been in the room with a patient suffering from any one of these diseases can scatter the germs far and wide; this must be remembered, especially by those who do the nursing. It is an absolute necessity for them to go out every day, but before doing so they should change all their clothes, and wash face and hands with bichloride, 1-1ooo. As it would be impossible to wash the hair every time, it should be covered by a cap, while on duty. Even when all these precautions have been taken, shops, theaters, and street cars should be avoided.

The rules of isolation are these:

(1) The patient should be removed to a room as remote as possible from the rest of the house.

(2) No one should be allowed to enter the room except the physicians and attendants.

(3) Long-sleeved aprons and caps which will cover the hair should be worn by physicians and attendants while in the room. (These can be made of cheap muslin.)

The Spreading of Germs

Rules of Isolation

(4) A solution of bichloride, 1-1000, should kept by the wash basin for the disinfection of han and they should be disinfected every time after tou ing or doing anything for the patient. For pro; isolation there should be two rooms,-the wash sta gowns, disinfectants, etc., being kept in the 01: room.

(5) A foot tub or other receptacle containing c bolic, 1-20, should be placed near the bedside wl the clothes are about to be changed, and they sho be put immediately into this, remaining there v covered for twenty-four hours. They should, even then, be boiled before being washed.

(6) The advice given earlier as to the furnish and care of the sick-room is especially applicable cases of contagious diseases. When dusting, duster should be dampened in 1-40 carbolic. As b floors are apt to be noisy, a small rug or two may retained, but they should be old ones, as they ou to be burned at the termination of the disease. They must not be shaken, as at other times, but kept v dusted with the damp duster.

(7) It is well to keep sheets, wrung out in c bolic, 1-20, both between the two rooms set apart the nursing and at the entrance of the outer roc The door of the latter must be kept closed.

(8) The dishes and utensils used by the pati and attendants must not be removed from the roo they must be washed there, the patient's always be washed and kept separate. When food is brought it should be left at the door of the outer room. The attendant, first taking off her cap and apron and disinfecting her hands, should remove the food from those dishes to the ones she has in the room; the others should be removed immediately.

(9) Whenever it can be managed the isolated rooms should be in close connection with a bath-room, which should be set apart for the use of the inmates of the sick-room. When this is impossible the attendant must, when it is necessary to go there, first remove her cap and apron and disinfect her hands. When her object is to empty the slop jar or bed pan they should be completely covered with a large towel wrung out in carbolic.

(10) The bed pan should always have bichloride, 1-1000, in the bottom, and after use more of the same solution should be added. It should stand thus for half an hour before being emptied. When there is no separate bath-room a tightly covered box nailed on the outside window sill of the outer room will be found convenient to hold the bed pan, while its contents are being disinfected.

Besides the general rules for disinfection there are in some contagious diseases special rules, incidental to the nature of the disease.

In scarlet fever the greatest danger of infection lies in the dissemination of the skin, while it is peeling. To prevent this the patient should be rubbed all over, night and morning, with carbolized vaseline or boric ointment.

In diphtheria the most virulent contagion is in the expectoration, especially when the membrane loosens. Soft gauze should be used instead of handkerchiefs, and if there is no grate in the room a pan must be at hand, in which these can be burnt immediately after use.