Sugar Bakers' Refuse

See Animal Matters.

Sumach

Rhus.

Sunflower

Actinotus Helianthi.

Sun Rose

Helianthemum.

Surface Grubs

Surface Grubs, or caterpillars, are the larva; of several species of Noctua, or Night Moths. Gardeners thus name them because they attack the roots of the turnip, mangold wurtzel, etc, just at the surface of the soil.

Sutherlandia

Sutherlandia frutescens. Half-hardy evergreen shrub. Seeds or young cuttings. Peat and loam.

Suwarrow Nut

Caryocar.

Swainsonia

Three species. Green-house evergreen shrubs. Young cuttings or seeds. Sandy loam and peat.

Swallow Wort

Asclepias.

Swamp Locust Tree

Gledit-schia monosperma.

Swamp Post

Quercus lyrata.

Swartzia

Three species. Stove evergreen shrubs. Cuttings with the leaves on. Sandy loam and peat.

Swedish Beam Tree

Pyrus intermedia.

Swedish Turnip

Brassica cam-pestris; var. rutabaga.

Sweeping

See Broom. It is best done in calm weather, and early, whilst the dew is strong enough to allay the dust and keep the light refuse from blowing about.

Sweet Bay

Lanrus nobilis.

Sweet Briar

Rosa rubiginosa. It is of the easiest propagation in any common garden soil. Cuttings, suckers, and seed may be indifferently employed.

"To form a hedge of it sow the heps in the autumn as soon as ripe, or which is better, in the month of March, having kept them in the meanwhile mixed with sand. Hut it is far more convenient to buy sweet briar ' layers,' (young plants,) from the nurseryman, and to plant them a foot apart early in the month of November. Let them grow as they like for the first year, and cut them down to the: ground the second; they will then spring up and require no more care than occasional trimming with the pruning-knife or shears, so as to keep the hedge in shape. When it gets naked at the bottom it must be again cut down." - Gard. Chron.

Sweet Calabash

Passiflora maliformis.

Sweet Cicely

See Chervil.

Sweetia

Three species. Stove evergreen twiners. Cuttings or seeds. Loam and sand.

Sweet Marjoram

Origanum majorana.

Sweet Maudlin

Achillea age-ratum.

Sweet Pea

Lathyrus odoratus.

Sweet Potatoe

Batata.

Sweet Sop

Anona squamosa.

Sweet Sultan

Centaurea mos-chata.

Swietenia

Two species. Stove evergreen trees. Ripe cuttings with the leaves on. Loam and sand.

Symphiandra

Symphiandra pendula. Hardy biennial. Seeds. Common soil.

Symphoricarpus

St. Peter's Wort. Three species. Hardy deciduous trees. Cuttings or suckers. Common soil.

Symphytum

Eight species. Hardy herbaceous or tuberous-rooted perennials. Division. Off-sets. Any soil suits them.

Sympiezia

Sympiezia capitellata. Greenhouse evergreen shrub. Young cuttings. Turfy peat and sand.

Symplocos

Three species. Green-house evergreen shrubs, or stove evergreen trees. Cuttings. Loam, peat and sand.

Synnetia

Three species. Greenhouse bulbous perennials. Offsets. Sandy peat and loam.

Syringa

Lilac. Five species and many varieties. Hardy deciduous shrubs. Seeds, layers, or suckers. Common soil.

Syringe

This is a most useful implement for impelling water over plants in pots, wall-trees, etc. Read's syringes are excellent. When the object is merely to refresh the plants, the operator should stand at some distance from the plants, so that the water may spread and fall upon them like a shower. But if aphides have to be destroyed he may be closer to the plants, and drive forth the water with greater force.