Where there are means to keep gar-gens in good order, one expects at this season to meet with neatness and cleanliness in every department. All refuse of crops which have served their purpose may be cleared off, and the space prepared and cropped with Spinach, Lettuce, Coleworts, Endive, or whatever may be wanted during the winter months. Should there be no demand for these, it is well not to waste labour and raise produce to be thrown away. The ground may be deeply trenched, if subsoil will allow; and when sunk to its ordinary level, the surface may then be ridged to the action of the weather, which does a deal to purify the ground. But close cropping with little vacant space during the winter is pleasing and profitable alike. Cabbage for main crop may be pricked out till they are strong and fit to transplant: when thus treated they are more likely to combat with a severe winter. The ground we prefer for Cabbage is where the Onion crop has been cleared and stored. Some loose material, such as what the rubbish-heap contains, may be turned into the bottom of trenches to give free drainage during the winter. A quantity of good manure may be put under the top spit, and drills drawn for the Cabbage plants, which may be ready towards end of the month.

Then plant; and around each collar dust with soot mixed with ashes and sawdust. The plants should not be allowed to become stunted, otherwise premature seeding may be expected. Plant double thickness, so that plenty of greens may be had by cutting out every alternate plant. Soil can hardly be too rich to grow this crop well.

Cauliflower may be sown from the end of August till October, according to locality and means of protecting and growing them. When they are early and gross, they are liable to be injured by severe weather. They may be pricked out, when ready, on a sheltered border, and glass, if such can be spared, placed over them when frost is likely to be severe. Coddling, of course, means killing the plants. The earlier ones may be placed under the protection of hand-lights which will admit air and light freely. Two or three successions of young Cauliflower are very desirable, especially when one remembers the severity of the last and two previous winters.

Celery should be earthed up well to blanch it for earlier crops. A good soaking of manure - water first will cause a tender succulent growth, which is very desirable - and a nutty flavour accompanies tenderness. Stringy, coarse Celery we consider most indigestible, and is often the result of starving the plants on poor soil, or of intense drought. Sow Salads, such as Golden Cress, American Cress, Mustard and Curled Cress: the latter two may be under glass protection now. Lettuce and Endive of sorts plant on sheltered borders well dug. Sow Corn Salad and Radishes. Allow no crops to become matted before they are thinned. Sow Carrots of the Horn class for drawing young. Sow more Onions for spring and for drawing young. Tripoli, White Lisbon, and Giant Rocco are of much value in autumn where large mild Onions are in demand. Leeks which were planted in ridges like Celery may now be earthed up, and well watered with liquid manure. Peas to supply late pickings may be molested with sparrows: netting or other means may be necessary for protection. Dwarf Peas on a sheltered border are often useful in autumn, and can be protected from early frosts by hoops and mats.

A full crop of Spinach sown now on deeply-dug ground, with a good dusting of soot and ashes thrown over the surface of the soil, may be a profitable and exceedingly useful crop during spring, succeeding the August sowings when they have been severely picked and tried by frost. Parsley should be trimmed of all rough leaves preparatory for winter. Rank growth, which often rots the younger leaves, is sure to be destroyed. A quantity of Parsley should also be in a sheltered position, where temporary protection may be given during a period of snowy weather. Store Herbs by first drying them in the shade, and hanging up afterwards in dry and airy quarters. Lift Potatoes as soon as they are fit: by leaving them in the ground they are liable to disease. In some localities, such as our own, it is better to sell the crop for immediate use, and buy others later from parts where disease is little experienced. The main crop of Onions may be well forward and can be lifted, dried, and stored : an open shed, thoroughly dry, we have found to be the best store for Onions. Frost will not hurt the bulbs if they are thoroughly dry. Beware of allowing the Onion crop to remain in the ground after it is ready for pulling : second growth might take place, then good keeping would be unknown.

Turnips - thin, clean, and hoe, and get useful tubers before the growing period is at an end. Tomatoes should now be gone over often, and disbudded, thinning the fruit to from four to six to each bunch : a matted growth ruins the crop. Put in cuttings for winter work. Ridge Cucumbers, Gherkins, and Vegetable Marrows may be kept long in bearing by using protection at night: frost puts an end to these tender things. French Beans are also a crop easily injured. Sowings in pits may be made to give a late autumn supply, and successions kept up by sowing every two or three weeks. Mushroom-beds may be made as formerly advised. Small beds made often are the most certain method of keeping regular supplies. Potatoes may now be started for early winter supplies. M. T.

All business communications and all Advertisements should be addressed to the Publishers, and communications for insertion in the ' Gardener ' to David Thomson, Drumlanrig Gardens, Thornhill, Dumfriesshire. It will further oblige if all matter intended for publication, and questions to be replied to, be received by the 14th of the month, and written on one side of the paper only. It is also requested that writers forward their name and address, not for publication unless they wish it, but for the sake of that mutual confidence which should exist between the Editor and those who address him. We decline noticing any communication which is not accompanied with name and address of writer.