This section is from "The Horticulturist, And Journal Of Rural Art And Rural Taste", by P. Barry, A. J. Downing, J. Jay Smith, Peter B. Mead, F. W. Woodward, Henry T. Williams. Also available from Amazon: Horticulturist and Journal of Rural Art and Rural Taste.
Mr. Austin, though admiring, and to a considerable extent cultivating, flowers and ornamental shrubs, has devoted himself, especially, to the growing of fruit, the Pear in particular; in the cultivation and treatment of which he has been singularly successful.
"The grounds contain two acres, one-half acre of which is occupied by buildings, ornamental trees, hedges, Ac, etc, - leaving one acre and a half for fruit trees - in number about 600. Of these, some 600 are dwarf Pear trees, about two dozen standards, as many, each, of Cherry and Peach, eight Apple trees, and six Plum trees - which last Mr. Austin is about to attempt to cure of the black-wart, by heading down two or three inches above the surface of the ground, and digging out every trace of root This he considers a radical cure for the black-wart From our experience of this pest, we doubt if he gets rid of it so easily, - it may break out again, on the pump-handle, or the cord wood in the cellar - there is no knowing where 1 We once headed down a Plum tree (not quite so low down as Austin proposes to do), and forth came a vigorous young growth, that, the first season, made a fine new head for the decapitated tree; but, bless your sympathizing souls! every branch, and limb, and twig, - fresh and green as they were, - were coated with excrescences, as is the bottom of an old ship with barnacles; - -some small and round, like peas - some extending along a limb for several inches, and completely enveloping it - some smooth and swelling, like a young boil - others cracking open, like an over-ripe nutmeg melon; - the whole head looking as if it had the goitre, the kings-evil, the mumps, and the hydrocephalus, besides being badly effected with boils, carbuncles, pimples, and erysipelas, diver. sified by a profuse scattering of warts and wens.
This experience convinced us that there was no worm in the ease, unless it be a 'worm in the tail' of the tree.
"But it is with Mr. Austin's Pear trees that we have now to do. The Pear plantations (500 trees) contain forty-five varieties of Pears, and of these fully one-half - about 800 - are of the nine sorts following: - Louise Bonne de Jersey, Duchesessd'Angouleme, Beurre Diel, Urbarists, Bart-It it, Vicar of Winkfield. Glout Moroeau, Pane Colmar, and Matter Beurre. A few of these trees « were set out in 1845 and others in each subsequent year, until 1849, when about 800 were planted and the garden fully stocked. The manures U9ed were solely barn-yard manures, some seven cords being applied to the two acres - a very moderate dose. One man only was employed upon the garden, and he had also charge of two horses, cow, pigs, carriages and the Chores - enough to busy one pair of hands, with the errand department of the household - sufficient, usually, to monopolize one set of Irish legs. But mark the proceeds of the garden:
Cr. by nett sales of fruti, as per sales book (three-quarters of which is for pears)............ | $ 881 72 | |
Dr. To - say ½ - man's wages, .......................................................................................... | $ 100 00 | |
To four cords manure purchased, ............................................................................. | 24 00 | |
To three cords manure made ..................................................................................... | 18 00 | |
142 00 | ||
Showing a nett gain on 1½ acres of ............................................................................................ | $ 689 72 | |
"Mr. Austin, as may be seen, does not manure highly; his land is good, to be sure, but his success with the Pear he attributes mainly, if not solely, to his system of pruning - watchful - constant - preserving the wine glass form, instead of the pyramid. His trees are, indeed, a marvel of human patience and horticultural skill. Here are sixteen Dnchesess, 'all in a row' and all as like to one another - in height, breadth and shape - as twin peas in a pod; and there stand sixteen Vicars, erect and uniform as Life-Guardsmen. Every tree of each variety extends its limbs at Austin's direction, like a well-trained poodle, - only the tree 'stays put/ while Pug soon 'puts out'".
 
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