(Sieb., in DC. Prod., iii, 217.) Lead Gum, Black Sally.

Systematic. - Generally a moderate-sized tree, but on the Monaro, N.S.W., attains a diameter of 4 to 5 feet; bark smooth, lead-coloured, but passing through various shades into green; sometimes persistent some distance up the stem of large trees, when it is rough and thick, almost like that of an " Ironbark." Abnormal foliage glaucous, leaves ovate, shortly acuminate, tapering at the base, thin, 3 to 4 inches long, six- or seven-nerved. Normal leaves mostly ovate, up to 4 inches long, broad to lanceolate; venation marked and characteristic, generally three or more veins radiating from the base and extending almost the whole length of the leaf, and thus indicating phellandrene in the oil. Peduncles axillary, short, with numerous sessile flowers, in stellate clusters. Calyx small, about 1 to 2 lines long; operculum conical, acute.

Fruit. - Pilular, small, sessile in axillary clusters; rim contracted, shining or glabrous; valves not exserted; 2 lines in diameter.

The fruits are difficult to separate from those of E. Moorei.

Habitat. - New England Tableland, N.S.W., and into Victoria.

REMARKS. This is a very marked species, and easily distinguished in the field and herbarium from its congeners by its stellate cluster of buds, its small, almost spherical fruit, and its longitudinal lateral veins, similar to those of E. coriacea, A. Cunn., and E. vitrea, R.T.B. The timber is pale coloured, hard, durable, and seasons well. It occurs on some of the highest and most exposed positions of the Coast Range. The number of common names applied to it is large, but the two given above are the most common.

ESSENTIAL OIL. - Leaves and terminal branchlets for distillation were obtained from Rylstone, N.S.W., in August, 1898. The yield of oil was 0.3 per cent. The crude oil was of an amber colour, and had an odour corresponding to that of the phellandrene Eucalyptus oils. Phellandrene was present in considerable quantity, but pinene only in small amount. Cineol was only found in small amount in the first fraction. The peppermint ketone, piperitone, was not pronounced, but a constituent having a cinnamon-like odour was present in the second fraction. The third fraction consisted largely of the sesquiterpene. Crystallised eudesmol was not detected.

The crude oil had specific gravity at 150 C. = 0.871; rotation aD - 22.7°; refractive index at 200 = 1.4845, and was insoluble in 10 volumes 80 per cent. alcohol. The saponification number for the esters and free acid was 2.1.

On rectification, 1 per cent, distilled below 173° C. (corr.). Between 173-1830, 80 per cent. distilled; between 183-2450, 11 per cent. came over, and between 245-2660, 4 per cent. distilled. These fractions gave the following results: -

The above sample was stored in the dark, and in November, 1919, was again analysed. Very little alteration had taken place during the twenty-one years the oil had been kept, although the phellandrene had suffered some loss in rotation. 83 per cent, distilled below 1900 C. The crude oil and the rectified portion gave the following results: -

The cineol was determined by the resorcinol method in the rectified portion; when calculated for the crude oil, the result was 8 per cent.