The leaves of Cannabis sativa are purified by being boiled in milk before use. They are regarded as heating, digestive, astringent, and narcotic. The intoxication produced by bhάng is said to be of a pleasant description and to promote talkativeness.

In sleeplessness, the powder of the fried leaves is given in suitable doses for inducing sleep and removing pain.1

Jάtiphalάdya churna.2 Take of nutmeg, cloves, cinnamon, cardamon, tejapatra leaves, flowers of Mesua ferrea (nάgakesara), camphor, sandal wood, sesamum seeds, bamboo manna, flowers of Taberncemontana coronaria (tagara), chebulic and emblic myro-balans, long pepper, black pepper, ginger, leaves of Pinus Web-biana (tάlisa), plumbago root, cumin seeds and the seeds of Embelia Ribes (viranga), equal parts, purified bhάng equal in weight to all the above ingredients, and sugar twice as much as the bhang. Powder and mix. Dose, about twenty to forty grains. This preparation is given in diarrhoea, indigestion and loss of appetite.

* Bengal Dispensatory, p. 582.

Jvalάnala rasa.1 Take of yavakshάra, and sarjikάksadra, (impure carbonates of potash and soda) borax, mercury, sulphur, long pepper, black pepper, Piper Chaba (chavya) and ginger, equal parts, fried leaves of Cannabis sativa equal to all the above ingredients, root of Moving a pterygosperma half the weight of bhάng; powder the ingredients, mix and soak the mixed powder for three days in each of the following fluids, namely a decoction or fresh juice of the leaves of Cannabis Indica, the roots of Morin-ga pterygosperma, and Plumbago rosea, and dry in the sun. Then roast the mass lightly and make into a pill mass with the juice of the leaves of Wedelia calendulacea (bhringarάja). Dose, about half a drachm with honey. This medicine is given in indigestion and loss of appetite with nausea and vomiting.

Numerous confections of bhάng, such as Kάmesvara modaka, Madana modaka, Bάlyasakrάsana modaka, etc., are described in books. These, as their names imply, are considered aphrodisiac and are used in chronic bowel complaints and nervous debility. Most of them are prepared with equal parts of a number of supposed tonic and aphrodisiac substances in small quantities and bhang equal in weight to all the other ingredients, together with sugar, honey and the usual aromatics. Mάjoon, the preparation of which has been already described, would I believe be a neater substitute for these complicated preparations. The following is an illustration.

Madana modaka.1 Take of the three myrobalans, ginger, long pepper, black pepper, Rhus succedanea (sringi), pachak root, coriander, rock salt, zedoary root, leaves of Pinus Webbiana (tάlisa),bark of Myrica sapida (katphala) flowers of Mesua ferrea (nagakesara), ajowan, seeds of Seseli Indicum (vanayamάni), liquorice root, seeds of Trigonella fanum-grcecum (methi), cumin and nigella seeds equal parts; hemp leaves with flowers and seeds fried in clarified butter, equal in weight to all the other ingredients; sugar equal in weight to the hemp. Prepare a syrup with the sugar, then add the other substances in fine powder and make into a confection. Lastly add clarified butter, honey, powdered sesamum seeds, cardamoms, cinnamon, tejapatra leaves and camphor, each two tolas, and make into boluses of about eighty grains each. This confection Is used in cough, chronic bowel complaints and impotence.