Aquae. Part 8
Description
This section is from the book "The London Medical Dictionary", by Bartholomew Parr. Also available from Amazon: London Medical Dictionary.
Aquae. Part 8
The hydrogenated and hydrocarbonated waters contain, respectively, half their bulk of air. Of these little use seems to have been made, and the trials hitherto have spoken little in their favour.
As the artificial mineral waters are becoming fashionable, we shall add a table of the solubility of the different gases in one hundred parts of water.
Muriatic acid........... | 100 |
Alkaline air.................... | 34 |
Sulphureous acid gas............... | 3.96 |
Nitrous oxide................... | 0.27 |
Carbonic acid..................... | 0.17 |
Nitric oxide............................... | 0.16 |
Aquae thermales. The warm mineral waters distinguished by this title we have in general noticed in a preceding article; and it is now only necessary to consider the peculiar advantages derived from their heat. Were our present object chemistry in general, we might examine at some length the cause of this heat, which has been hastily and indiscriminately said to be subterraneous fire. The problem was thus quickly dismissed; and little enquiry into the probability of volcanic fires existing in the spot where these warm waters were found was thought necessary, and less investigation into the cause of these fires continuing to burn for ages with a temperature neither increased nor diminished. There is little doubt of the heat being derived from decomposition, and in general of martial pyrites. These contain a large proportion of caloric; are found in vast extensive beds; and, when decomposed, may for ages continue to give out and communicate heat of a steady temperature. In general, they add greatly to the effects of the sulphureous waters, and often to the chalybeate. For external use they are in general preferable; and when percussion is added by pumping or pouring the water from a height, their stimulant and tonic effects are greatly increased. In these ways the waters of Bath are so singularly useful. This subject must, however, be resumed, when we consider the importance of bathing in general; and we shall then add what seems to render the Bath waters in this form so frequently of peculiar value as a remedy. The heat of thermal waters differs from 92° to 212 of Fahrenheit. See Balneum, and Bathing. We shall add the table formerly alluded to.
Of the Proportion of Ingredients in the following Saline Compounds.
100 parts Carbonic. | Acid. | Water. | State. | |
Aerated Tartarin | 41, - --- - | 43, | 16---------- | Crystallized. |
Common Salt of Tartarin or Pearl ash | 60, - - - - - | 30, | 6,----------- | Dry. |
Aerated Soda | 21,58 - - - - | 14,42 | 64,----------- | Fully crystallized. |
Do | 59,86 .... | 40,05 | Desiccated. | |
Aerated Barytes | 78,----------- | 22, | ......... | Natural or ignited. |
Aerated Strontian | 69,5 - - - - | 30, | ........................... | Natural or ignited. |
Aerated Lime | 55.----------- | 45, | .................................. | Nat. if pure, or artificial ignited. |
Aerated Magnesia | 25, - - - - | 50, | 25,------------------ | Crystallized. |
Common Magnesia | 45,..... | 34, | 21,.......- | Dried at 80°. |
Aerated Vol-alkali | In the ratio of 6 of Salt to 13 fixed Air. | |||
Vitriolic | ||||
Vitriolated Tartarin | 54,8 - - - - | 45,2 | Dry. | |
Glauber | 18,48 ...... | 23,52 | 58,------------ | Fully crystallized. |
Do | 56, | Desiccated at 700°. | ||
Vitriolated Vol-alkali | 14,24 .--. | 54,66 | 31,1------------- | |
Baroselenite - | 66,66 . - - - | 23,33 | Nat. and pure, artificial ignited | |
Vitriolated Strontian | 58,..... | 42, | Nat. and pure, artificial ignited | |
Selenite | 32,..... | 46, | 22........- - | Dried at 66°. |
Do. | 35,23 - - - - | 50,39 | 14,38--------- | Dried at 170°. |
Do. | 38,81 - - - - | 55,84 | 5,35------------------ | Ignited. |
Do | 41, ... . | 59, | Incandescent. | |
Epsom | 17, - - - - . | 29,35 | 53,65------------ | Fully crystallized. |
Do. | 36,68 ---. | 63,32 | Desiccated. | |
12, ignited - - | 17,66 | 51,of Crystal+19,24 in the Earth | Crystallized. | |
Do. | 63,75 .-- - | 36,25 | Desiccated at 700°. | |
Vitriols. | ||||
Of Iron - | 28, ψ of ♂ = 12, Metal - - - | 26, | 38,+ 8 of Composition - - | Crystallized. |
Do. | 45,..... | 41,93 | 13,07------------- | Calcined to Redness. |
Lead | 75,Calx=71 Metal | 23,37 | 1,63----------------- | |
Copper | 40,Calx=30 Metal | 31, | 29,------------------ | |
Zinc | 40,Calx=30 Metal | 20,5 | 39,......... | - |
100 Parts .Vitrous. | Basis. | Acid. | Water. | State. |
Nitre.................... | 51,8 ............ | 44................... | 4,2 of Composition - - - | Dried at 70°. |
Nitrated Soda................. | 40,58........... | 53,21.................. | 6,21 of Composition ........... | Dried at 400°. |
Do..................... | 42,34............. | 57,55................... | ..................... | Ignited. |
Nitrated Vol-alkali.............. | 23, ................. | 57,........................... | 20,........................ | |
Nitrated Barytes................ | 57, -................. | 32,..................... | 11,........................ | Crystallized. |
Nitrated Strontian.................. | 36,21............. | 31,07.................... | 32,72.................... | Crystallized. |
Nitrated Lime................. | 32, -............. | 57.44............... | 10,56.......................... | Well dried, that is in Air. |
Nitrated Magnesia............... | 22, ............ | 46,..................... | 22,.......................... | Crystallized. |
Muriatic | ||||
Muriated Tartarin........... | 64. ........ | 38................ | ......................... | Dried at 80°. |
Common Salt................ | 53, -............ | 47, aqueous, 38,88 real............. | .................................... | Dried at 80°. |
Sal Ammoniac................ | -......... | .............................. | Crystallized. | |
Do................. | 25, -............. | 42,75..................... | 32,25............................ | Sublimed. |
Muriated Barytes -................ | 64, ............. | 20,.................... | 16,.............................. | Crystallized. |
Do..................... | 76,2-................ | 23,8.................. | ............................... | Desiccated. |
Muriated Strontian............... | 40, -............ | 18,.................... | 42,............................... | Crystallized. |
Do.................... | 69, -.............. | 31,........................ | .................................... | Desiccated. |
Muri ted Lime............... | 50, -.............. | 42,...................... | 8.................................. | Red hot |
Muriated Magnesia........... | 31,07............ | 34,59.................. | 34,34........................... | Sensibly dry. |
Muriated Silver -............ | 75, -................ | 16,54....................... | 8,46 Oxygen........................ | Dried at 130°. |
Muriated Lead....................... | 81, 77 + h | 18,23........................... | In the Calx -.......................... | Crystallized. |
Do...................... | 83, + of h | 17,................... | ....................... | Desiccated. |
Aquae pavor, (from paveo, to fear). See Hydrophobia.
Continue to:
My Books
