This section is from the book "Plumbing Problems", by The Sanitary Engineer. Also available from Amazon: Plumbing Problems, or Questions, Answers and Descriptions Relating to House Drainage and Plumbing.
XX. On Streets that ate Sewered. - All buildings that are located upon a street in which a public sewer exists must be provided with water-closets, either in the house or yard; privy-vaults will not be permitted when a public sewer exists in the street.
Water-closets will not be permitted in any room or apartment that has not a window, having an area of at least four square feet, opening directly to the external air; they will, however, be permitted in rooms or apartments having no windows communicating directly with the external air, provided that there is an air-shaft extending up to or above the roof, having an area of not less than four feet, with an opening to the external air of an equal area; this opening, at the top of the air-shaft, can be arranged by extending the shaft above the roof and providing a sash, of an area equal to that of the shaft, which can be controlled by cord and pulley from below.
In no class of buildings, whether public, private, or tenement, will water-closets be permitted in cellars. [A "cellar" shall be taken to mean and include the lower story of any building or house of which one-half or more of the height from the floor to the ceiling is below the level of the curb of the street adjoining.] In tenement-houses gangs of water-closets will not be permitted in the basement, unless a venti-lating-shaft (as above described) of an area of not less than four square feet is provided.
Iron privy-sinks will only be permitted when located in the yard, under the same conditions as privy-vaults; they must be set on the surface of the ground, and no masonry will be permitted on top of the casting.
All water-closets must be furnished with a sufficient supply of water to keep them at all times clean and well flushed.
All water-closets located above the first story must be supplied from a tank, which must hold not less than ten gallons of water for each water-closet which it supplies.
XXI. On Sheets that are not Seweted. - Water-closets will not be permitted in any building situated upon a street that is not sewered; in such cases water-tight privy-vaults must be provided.
Waste-water from houses situated on unsewered streets must be conveyed to cesspools that are water-tight; into these cesspools rain-water must not be conducted; rain-water must be conveyed to cisterns that are water-tight or to the street gutter.
No privy-vault, sink, cistern, or cesspool shall hereafter be made or rebuilt in the city of Brooklyn within twenty-feet of any dwelling or factory, without a special permit in writing from this board. All vaults, sinks, cisterns, and cesspools shall be made and kept water-tight. This must be done in one of the following ways: By the use of a crock or vessel of glazed earthenware, not less than one and a quarter inches in thickness; or by a cast or wrought iron vessel one-half inch in thickness; or by brick mason-work, constructed as follows: The inner four inches of the bottom and sides must be of hard brick, soaked in tar, or dipped and laid in hot roofing-cement; if tar-soaked bricks are used, the inner surface of the vault, cesspool, etc., must in all cases be covered over with roofing-cement, applied hot.
XXII. All water-closets located above the first story must be supplied from a tank.
XXIII. All joints in iron pipe must be filled with lead and securely calked. Cement and putty joints will not be permitted. All connections of lead with iron pipe must be made by soldering the lead pipe to a brass thimble or ferrule, with wiped or overcast bolted joints. All ferrules must be of brass, either cast or drawn, and be not less than one-eighth of an inch thickness.
XXIV. No opening shall be provided in the sewer-pipe of any building for the purpose of receiving the surface-drainage of the cellar, unless special permission is granted, and any opening so made must be immediately and permanently closed when directed by this department. J. H. Raymond, M. D., Commissioner.
Attest: R. M. Wyckoff, M. D., Secretary.
 
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