This section is from the book "A Laboratory Manual Of Foods And Cookery", by Emma B. Matteson. Also available from Amazon: A Laboratory Manual of Foods and Cookery.
In these experiments gelatin used for desserts will be considered. See meat experiments, also.
139. - Have at hand samples of various gelatins. Use each gelatin as follows: a. 1 tsp. gelatin and 1/4 c. hot water.
b. 1 tsp. gelatin and 1/4 c. boiling water.
c. 1 tsp. gelatin and 1/4 c. cold water. In which is the gelatin most soluble ? Does it dissolve in cold water?
140. - Use one of the dissolved gelatins to make the following tests:
Biuret, page 85. Xanthoproteic, page 85. Fehling-Benedict, page 13. Iodine, page 13. Coagulation on boiling.
Note : It will hardly be necessary to test each gelatin for the above reactions.
141. - Make three solutions A, B, C, using non-acidulated gelatin (1 tsp. gelatin soaked in 1 tbsp. cold water, add 1/2 c. boiling water).
Boil A for 5 minutes. Set on ice in mold.
Boil B for 10 minutes. Set on ice in mold.
Boil C for 15 minutes. Set on ice in mold.
Which is most desirable ? What has happened to the gelatin ?
142. - Make four solutions, A, B, C, D, as in Expt. 141. Put A on ice in mold.
To B add 1/4 c. lemon juice. Put on ice in mold.
To C, add 2 tbsp. fresh pineapple juice or 4 tbsp. pineapple pulp. Thoroughly mix and put on ice in mold.
To D add 2 tbsp. fresh pineapple juice which has been boiled for 2 minutes. Thoroughly mix and put on ice in mold.
What do you observe in B, C, D? How do you account for the failure of the gelatin to solidify in B and C ?
Compare the consistency of A and D. How do you account for the delicacy of D ? Beat D with a Dover egg beater until foamy. What gives it this appearance?
Have the class divided so that all brands of gelatins are used. Compare results.
Make a table showing the proper amount of: gelatin, liquid, fruit juice, sugar.
General Rules
Fill molds with cold water and let stand.
Soak gelatin in cold water to soften it.
Add the boiling liquid to the softened gelatin to dissolve it.
Add sugar to this mixture while hot to dissolve the sugar.
Strain fruit gelatins through a cheesecloth before cooling.
Cover gelatin mixtures while cooling to protect from dust.
1. Fruit jellies: Lemon jelly Orange jelly
Mold after straining; when firm turn out on serving dish. Serve with soft custard or whipped cream.
2. Fruit jellies with white of egg: Snow pudding; Sponges
Cool until sirupy. Add stiffly beaten egg white and beat until firm enough to mold.
3. Fruit jellies with cream: Add whipped cream when sirupy. Bavarian creams
4. Custard jellies: Spanish cream Macaroon cream
Add stiffly beaten white to custard jelly.
After straining, beat occasionally while cooling. Mold when begins to thicken.
5. Charlottes:
Jellies with the whip from thin cream. Add the whip when the mixture begins to thicken.
Fruit Jellies
Ingredients: | Orange | Prune | Lemon |
Gelatin . . . | 2 tbsp. | 2 1/2 tbsp. | 2 tbsp. |
Cold water . . | 1/2 c. | 1/2 c. | 1/2c. |
Boiling liquid . | 1 1/2 c. water | 1/3 lb. prunes and liquid to make 2 c. | 1 c. water |
Sugar .... | 1 c. | 1 c. | 3/4C. |
Fruit juice . . | 1 1/2C. orange juice juice 1 lemon | 1/4 c. lemon juice | 1/2 c. lemon juice |
Ingredients: | Coffee | Wine |
Gelatin | 2 tbsp. | 1 tbsp. |
Cold water .... | 1/2 c | 1/4 c. |
Boiling liquid . . . | 1 c. water | 1/2 c |
Sugar ...... | 1/3c | 1/4 c. |
Fruit juice .... | 2 c. boiled coffee | juice 1 lemon, juice 1/2 orange 1/2 c. wine |
Fruit: When orange or lemon jelly begins to thicken, add sliced bananas, cherries, pieces of cooked pineapple, nuts, and orange sections.
Fruit jellies with whip: Fill glasses 3/4 full and let stand until firm. Cool a small portion of the jelly until sirupy. Whip until frothy and place on top of glasses.
Sponges
Ingredients: | Pineapple | |
Gelatin | 2 tbsp. | 2 1/2 tbsp. |
Cold water....... | 1/4c | 2 c. |
Boiling water...... | 1/4c | 1 oz. chocolate and 2 1/2 c. scalded milk |
Sugar | 1/4-c. | 6 tbsp. |
Pineapple juice | 3/4C | 1/8 tsp. salt |
Egg whites | 3 | 3 whole eggs |
Shredded pineapple .... | 1/2 can | 1 tsp. vanilla |
Snow Puddings
Ingredients: | Lemon | Orange |
Gelatin..... | 2 tbsp. | 2 tbsp. |
Cold water .................................. | 1/4c. | |
Boiling water ............................. | I c. | I c. |
Sugar ............ | 3/4 C | 3/4 C |
Lemon juice ................................ | 1/2 c | 3 tbsp. |
Orange Juice .............................. | 1/2 C | |
Egg Whites .................................. | 3 | 3 |
Spanish Creams
Ingredients: | Macaroon | |
Gelatin .............................................. | 2 tbsp. | 2 tbsp. |
Cold Liquid ........................................ | 1/2 c. milk | 1/2 c. water |
Scalded milk ................................... | 2 1/2 c. | 2 c. |
Egg yolks ....................................... | 3 | 3 |
Sugar................................................ | 1c | 1/4 c |
Salt............ | 1/8 tsp. | 1/8 tsp. |
Vanilla ............................................ | 1 tbsp. | |
Egg whites ......................................... | 3 | 3 |
Macaroons ....................................... | 2/3 c. crumbs |
Bavarian Creams
Ingredients: | Coffee | Grape | Orange |
Gelatin . . . | 1 1/2 tbsp. | 1 2/3 tbsp. | 1 tbsp. |
Cold water | 1/4 C | 2 2/3 tbsp. | 2 C. |
Boiling liquid | 1/2 c. coffee | 1 c. grape juice | 1/2 c. water |
Sugar . . . | 1/3 c | I c. | I c. |
Fruit juice | 4 tbsp. lemon juice | 1 c. orange juice 1/2 lemon | |
Cream . . . | 1 1/2 c. (whipped) | 1 1/3 c. (whipped) | 1 c. (whipped) |
Russe | Orange | Strawberry | Chocolate | Cofee | ||
Gelatin .... | 1 1/2 tbsp. | 1 2/3 tbsp. | 2 tbsp. | 1 1/2 tbsp. | 1 1/2 tbsp. | 1 1/4 tbsp. |
Cold water . . | 1/4 c. | 3 C. | 1/3 C | 1/2C. | 1/2c. | 1/4 c. |
Boiling liquid | 1/3 c. cream | 1/3 c. water | 1/3 c. water | 1 c. water | 1/2 c. cream | 1/2 c. coffee |
Sugar .... | 1/3 c. powdered | I c. | I c. | I c. caramelized | 2/3c. | 1/3 C. |
Thin cream (whip from) . . . | 3 1/2 c. | 3 c. | 3 c. | 3 c. | 3 c. | 3 c. |
Flavoring . . . | 1 1/2 tsp. vanilla | 1 c. orange juice 3 tbsp. lemon juice | 2 c. strawberry pulp 1 tbsp. lemon juice | I tsp. vanilla | I oz. chocolate I tsp. vanilla |
Note : The cream left after removing the whip may be used for other purposes.
 
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