Action.

Muscle.

Origin.

Insertion.

Nerve-supply.

Flexion

Iliacus

From a wide origin round the margin of the iliac fossa

Outer side of tendon of psoas ; anterior surface of small trochanter, and shaft of femur below

Anterior crural

Psoas

From the intervertebral discs, and adjacent margins, side of bodies, and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

Apex of small trochantei of femur

Nerve from the lumbar plexus

Sartorius

From the anterior superior spine of the ilium, and half the notch below it

Inner surface of shaft of tibia just below the tuberosity

Anterior crural

Rectus femoris

See Quadriceps Extensor

(Knee-Joint)

Flexion

(contd.)

Pectineus

From the triangular surface of the pubic bone behind the crest

Into the upper half (about 2 inches) of the line from the small trochanter to the linea aspera

Anterior crural

Gracilis

From the edge of the symphysis pubis and a small portion of the border of the adjoining pubic arch

Into the inner side of the tibia, just below the tuberosity behind sartorius

Obturator

Extension

Gluteus maximus

From the area on the posterior part of the dorsum ilii between the crest and the superior curved line ; the tendon of erector spinae ; posterior surface of sacrum, and great sciatic ligament

The gluteal ridge (from the root of the great trochanter) and the deep fascia covering the thigh

Inferior gluteal

Gluteus medius

From the area on the dorsum ilii between the superior curved line and crest above and the middle curved line below ; and deep fascia

Into the oblique line on the outer surface of the great trochanter

Superior gluteal

Gluteus minimus

From the area on the dorsum ilii between the middle and inferior curved lines

The anterior surface of the great trochanter

Superior gluteal

Biceps femoris

From the lower and inner half of the ischial tuberosity; and short head, from the whole length of the outer lip of the linea aspera, and the upper two-thirds of the outer supra-con-dyloid ridge and intermuscular septum

The head of the fibula, and by a slip to the outer tuberosity of the tibia

Great sciatic

Semi-tendinosus

From the lower inner facet on the ischial tuberosity with the long head of biceps

The inner side of shaft of tibia, below the gracilis and behind sartorius

Great sciatic

Semimembranosus

From the upper outer facet on the ischial tuberosity

The horizontal groove on the posterior surface of the inner tuberosity of the tibia

Great sciatic

Extension {contd.)

Adductor magnus

From a curved origin on the inferior surface of the ischial tuberosity, and the lower border of the ischial ramus and that of the pubis

The space below the insertion of quadratus femoris, the whole of the linea aspera, the inner supracondyloid ridge and intermuscular septum of the femur, and the adductor tubercle

Obturator

Abduction

Tensor fascia femoris

From the anterior superior spine of the ilium and the crest just behind

The ilio-tibial band at the level of the great trochanter

Superior gluteal

Gluteus medius

(anterior fibres)

See Extension

Gluteus minimus (anterior fibres)

See Extension

Adduction

Adductor longus

By a rounded tendon from the anterior surface of the body of the pubis between the crest and the symphysis

The middle half of the inner lip of the linea aspera in front of adductor magnus

Obturator

Adductor brevis

From the front of the body and descending ramus of the pubis

Into the lower two-thirds of the line leading from the small trochanter to the linea aspera behind pectineus

Obturator

Adductor magnus

See Extension

Gracilis

See Flexion

Pectineus

See Flexion

Rotation in

Gluteus medius

(anterior fibres)

See Abduction

Gluteus minimus (anterior fibres)

See Abduction

Rotation in

(contd.)

Tensor fasciae femoris

See Abduction

Rotation out

Pyriformis

From the middle part of the anterior surface of the sacrum ; and the upper margin of the great sciatic notch

A facet on the inner aspect of the upper border of the great trochanter

Nerve from the sacral plexus

Obturator internus and gemelli

From the inner surface of the bone surrounding the obturator foramen and from the membrane ; the gemelli, one from the ischial spine, the other from the tuberosity (either side of the small sciatic notch)

Just behind pyriformis

Nerve from the sacral plexus

Obturator externus

From the lower half of the obturator membrane and the bone surrounding

The digital fossa at the inner aspect of the upper border of the great trochanter

Obturator

Quadratus femoris

From the outer margin of the ischial tuberosity

The quadrate tubercle and line beyond

Nerve from the sacral plexus

This act ion is helped by a great many of the other muscles.

Circumduction - a combination of the other movements.