Circulatory Disturbances

Hyperemia is usually associated with inflammatory disturbances of adjacent tissues. The periosteum is reddened and swollen, and the marrow is bluish-red in color.

Thrombosis may occur in the nutrient blood-vessels as a result of fracture or disease, but seldom causes any disturbances on account of the rich anastomoses. Embolism may occur, but seldom causes trouble.

Hemorrhage takes place as a result of injury to the periosteum or the bone itself, as in fracture. Is generally soon absorbed, but if it becomes infected, suppuration may follow. Necrosis may at times be caused by the blood dissecting the periosteum away from the bone.