This section is from the book "Carpentry for Boys", by J. S. Zerbe. Also available from Amazon: Carpentry for Boys.
Parallel. Extended in the same direction, and in all parts equally distant.
Perspective. A view; a vista; the effect of distance upon the appearance of objects, by means of which the eye recognizes them as being at a more or less measurable distance.
Pivot. A fixed pin, or short axis, on the end of which a wheel or other body turns.
Pitch. Slope; descent; declivity, like the slope of a roof.
Placement. The act of placing; in the state of being placed.
Predominate. To be superior in number, strength, influence or authority; controlling.
Produced. To lengthen out; to extend.
Prototype. The original; that from which later forms sprang.
Purlin. A longitudinal piece of timber, under a roof, mid-*way between the eaves and comb, to hold the rafters.
Rabbeting. The manner of cutting grooves or recesses.
Ratchet. A wheel, bar, or other form of member, having teeth or recesses.
Rebate. A rectangular, longitudinal recess or groove, cut in the corner or edge of a body.
Rail. A horizontal piece in a frame or paneling.
Rectangular. Right-angled; having one or more angles of ninety degrees; a four-sided figure having only right angles.
Rib and collar. A form of roof truss in which the collar between rafters is used as the thrust bearing for the ribs which project up from the hammer beam.
Router. A tool for cutting grooves or recesses.
Saddle joint. A form of connection in which one part has a portion cut away, resembling a saddle, and in which the part to be attached has its end cut so as to fit the saddle thus formed.
Scarfing. The cutting away of the ends of timbers to be joined, so the two parts on lapping will unite evenly.
Scissors beam. A form of truss, in which there is a pair of interior braces formed like shears, and secured to the main rafters themselves.
Score, Scored. Shear; cut; divide; also notching or marking.
Scratch awl. A sharp-pointed tool, with a handle.
Scribe. To cut, indent or mark with a tool, such as a knife, awl or compass, so as to form a cutting line for the workman.
Self-supporting. Held by itself; not depending upon outside aid.
Shank. Usually the handle, or portion to which the handle is attached.
Slitting gage. A tool which is designed to cut along a certain line guided by an adjustable fence.
 
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