Carpentry for Boys. How-To-Do-It Series | by J. S. Zerbe
In simple language, including chapters on drawing, laying out work, designing and architecture, with 250 original illustrations.
| Title | Carpentry for Boys |
| Author | J. S. Zerbe |
| Publisher | The New York Book Company |
| Year | 1914 |
| Copyright | 1914, The New York Book Company |
| Amazon | Carpentry for Boys |
By J. S. Zerbe, M.E.
Author Of The "How-To-Do-It" Books: "Practical Mechanics For Boys" and "Electricity For Boys"
Chapter I. Tools And Their Uses- Knowledge Of Tools A knowledge of tools and their uses is the first and most important requirement. The saw, the plane, the hatchet and the hammer are well known to all boys; but how to use them,...
- Tools And Their Uses. Part 2
- Cross-Cuts The difference between a cross-cut and a rip saw is, that in the latter the teeth have less pitch and are usually larger than in the cross-cut saw. The illustrations (Figs. 13 and 14) ...
- Tools And Their Uses. Part 3
- Chisels Two kinds are found in every kit - one called the firmer (Fig. 7) and the mortising chisel. The firmer has a flat body or blade, and a full set ranges in width from three-eighths of an in...
- Chapter II. How To Grind And Sharpen Tools
- Care Of Tools Dull tools indicate the character of the workman. In an experience of over forty years, I have never known a good workman to keep poorly sharpened tools. While it is true that the c...
- How To Grind And Sharpen Tools. Part 2
- Simple Saw Setter Take a block of wood, a 4 by 4 inch studding, four inches long. Get a piece of metal one-half inch thick and two inches square. Have a blacksmith or machinist bore a quarter-inc...
- How To Grind And Sharpen Tools. Part 3
- The File In order to experiment with the filing motion, take two blocks of wood, and try surfacing them off with a file. When you place the two filed surfaces together after the first trial both ...
- How To Grind And Sharpen Tools. Part 4
- Incorrect Way To Hold Tool For Grinding The incorrect way of holding a tool is shown in Fig. 18. This, I presume, is the universal way in which the novice takes the tool. It is wrong for the reas...
- Chapter III. How To Hold And Handle Tools
- Observation may form part of each boy's lesson, but when it comes to the handling of tools, practice becomes the only available means of making a workman. Fifty years of observation would never make a...
- How To Hold And Handle Tools. Part 2
- For Cross-Cutting For ordinary cross-cutting the angle of the saw should be at 45 degrees. For ripping, the best results are found at less than 45 degrees, but you should avoid flattening down th...
- How To Hold And Handle Tools. Part 3
- The Plane The jack plane and the fore plane are handled with both hands, and the smoothing plane with one hand, but only when used for dressing the ends of boards. For other uses both hands are r...
- Chapter IV. How To Design Articles
- Fundamentals Of Designing A great deal of the pleasure in making articles consists in creative work. This means, not that you shall design some entirely new article, but that its general form, or...
- Chapter V. How Work Is Laid Out
- Concrete Examples Of Work A concrete example of doing any work is more valuable than an abstract statement. For this purpose I shall direct the building of a common table with a drawer in it and ...
- How Work Is Laid Out. Part 2
- The Tenons Do not neglect first to select the work side and the working edge of the board. The outer surface and the upper edges are the sides to work from. The cheekpiece (A) of the gage must al...
- How Work Is Laid Out. Part 3
- The Top The top should be made of three boards, either tongued and grooved, or doweled and glued together. In order to give a massive appearance, and also to prevent the end grain of the boards f...
- How Work Is Laid Out. Part 4
- Proper Terms It is the application of the correct terms to things that lays the foundation for accurate thinking and proper expressions in describing work. A wise man once said that the basis of ...
- How Work Is Laid Out. Part 5
- Cutting Out The Spaces In cutting out the intervening spaces, which should be done with a sharp chisel, care should be observed not to cut over the shoulder lines. To prevent mistakes you should ...
- Chapter VI. The Uses Of The Compass And The Square
- The Square The square is, probably, the oldest of all tools, and that, together with the compass, or dividers, with which the square is always associated, has constituted the craftsman's emblem f...
- The Uses Of The Compass And The Square. Continued
- The Most Important Angle Most important for one to know at a glance is that of 45 degrees, because the one can the more readily calculate the other degrees, approximately, by having 45 degrees on...
- Chapter VII. How The Different Structural Parts Are Designated
- The Right Name For Everything Always make it a point to apply the right term to each article or portion of a structure. Your explanation, to those who do know the proper technical terms, will ren...
- How The Different Structural Parts Are Designated. Continued
- Tie Beam See Queen Post. 120. Trammel. - A very useful tool for drawing ellipses. It comprises a cross, A, with grooves and a bar, B, with pins, C, attached to sliding blocks in the grooves, a...
- Chapter VIII. Drawing And Its Utility
- A knowledge of drawing, at least so far as the fundamentals are concerned, is of great service to the beginner. All work, after being conceived in the brain, should be transferred to paper. A habit of...
- Drawing And Its Utility. Part 2
- Concave Surfaces In Fig. 126 the shading lines commence at the upper margin, and are heaviest there, the lines gradually growing thinner and farther apart. Convex Surfaces In Fig. 1...
- Drawing And Its Utility. Part 3
- Illustrating Cube Shading In Fig. 137 I show merely nine lines joined together, all lines being of equal thickness. As thus drawn it may represent, for instance, a cube, or it may show simply ...
- Drawing And Its Utility. Part 4
- Isometric Cube I enclose this cube within a circle, as in Fig. 143. To form this cube the circle (A) is drawn and bisected with a vertical line (B). This forms the starting point for stepping off...
- Drawing And Its Utility. Part 5
- Terms Of Angles The relation of the lines to each other, the manner in which they are joined together, and their comparative angles, all have special terms and meanings. Thus, referring to the is...
- Drawing And Its Utility. Part 6
- Focal Points The focal point of a circle is its center, and is called the focus. But an ellipse has two focal points, called foci, represented by F, F in Fig. 148, and by B, B in Fig. 149. A ...
- Drawing And Its Utility. Part 7
- Definitions The following figures show the various geometrical forms and their definitions: 151. Abscissa. - The point in a curve, A, which is referred to by certain lines, such as B,...
- Chapter IX. Moldings, With Practical Illustrations In Embellishing Work
- Moldings The use of moldings was early resorted to by the nations of antiquity, and we marvel to-day at many of the beautiful designs which the Phnecians, the Greeks and the Romans produce...
- Moldings, With Practical Illustrations In Embellishing Work. Part 2
- The Cymatium Fig. 191 is the cymatium (derived from the word cyme), meaning wave-like. This form must be in two curves, one inwardly and one outwardly. The Ogee Fig. 192, called the...
- Moldings, Practical Illustrations In Embellishing Work. Part 3
- Lessons From The Doric Column As an example, suppose we take a plain cabinet, and endeavor to embellish it with the types of molding described, and you will see to what elaboration the operation ...
- Chapter X. An Analysis Of Tenoning, Mortising, Rabbeting And Beading
- In the chapter on How Work is Laid Out, an example was given of the particular manner pursued in laying out mortises and tenons, and also dovetailed work. I deem it advisable to add some details to th...
- An Analysis Of Tenoning, Mortising, Rabbeting And Beading. Part 2
- Things To Avoid In Mortising You must be careful to refrain from undercutting as your chisel goes down at the lines a, b, because if you commit this error you will make a bad joint. As much ca...
- Tenoning, Mortising, Rabbeting And Beading. Part 3
- Ornamental Bead Finish These figures show how the bead may be used for finishing corners, edges and projections. Fig. 216 has a bead at each corner of a stile (A), and a finishing strip of half-r...
- Chapter XI. House Building
- House building is the carpenter's craft; cabinet-making the joiner's trade, yet both are so intimately associated, that it is difficult to draw a line. The same tools, the same methods and the same ma...
- House Building. Part 2
- General House Building We are to treat, generally, on the subject of house building, how the work is laid out, and how built, and in doing so I shall take a concrete example of the work. This can...
- House Building. Part 3
- The Roof The pitch of the roof (Fig. 225) is what is called third pitch, and the roof (Fig. 226) has a half pitch. A third pitch is determined as follows: Roof Pitch In Fig. 227...
- House Building. Part 4
- Intermediate Studding It will then be an easy matter to put in the intermediate 2 4 studding, placing them as nearly as possible 16 inches apart to accommodate the 48-inch plastering la...
- Chapter XII. Bridges, Trussed Work And Like Structures
- Bridges Bridge building is not, strictly, a part of the carpenter's education at the present day, because most structures of this kind are now built of steel; but there are certain principles inv...
- Chapter XIII. The Best Woods For The Beginner
- In this place consideration will be given to some of the features relating to the materials to be employed, particularly with reference to the manner in which they can be worked to the best advantage,...
- Chapter XIV. Wood Turning
- Advantages Of Wood Turning This is not, strictly, in the carpenter's domain; but a knowledge of its use will be of great service in the trade, and particularly in cabinet making. I urge the ingen...
- Wood Turning. Continued
- The Tail Stock This part of the structure is made of the following described material: Procure a scantling (J), planed, 4 4, 24 inches long, the upper end of which is to be provided...
- Chapter XV. On The Use Of Stains
- As this subject properly belongs to the painter and decorator, it is not necessary to go into details concerning the methods used to finish off your work. As you may not be able to afford the luxury o...
- Chapter XVI. The Carpenter And The Architect
- A carpenter has a trade; the architect a profession. It is not to be assumed that one vocation is more honorable than the other. A profession is defined as a calling, or occupation, if not mechanical...
- Chapter XVII. Useful Articles To Make
- As stated in the Introductory, the purpose of this book is to show how to do the things, and not to draw a picture in order to write a description of it. Merely in the line of suggestion, we give in t...
- Chapter XVIII. Special Tools And Their Uses
- In the foregoing chapters we have referred the reader to the simple tools, but it is thought desirable to add to the information thus given, an outline of numerous special tools which have been devise...
- Special Tools And Their Uses. Part 2
- Angle Dividers This is another tool, which does not cost much and is of great service to the carpenter in fitting moldings where they are applied at odd angles. To lay out the cut with an ordi...
- Special Tools And Their Uses. Part 3
- Steel Frame Breast Drill These drills are made with both single and double speed, each speed having three varieties of jaws. The single speed is very high, the ratio being 4 to 1, which m...
- Special Tools And Their Uses. Part 4
- Dovetail Tongue And Groove Plane This is a very novel tool, and has many features to recommend it. Figure 280 shows its form, and how it is used. It is designed to make the dovetailed tongue as w...
- Chapter XIX. Roofing Trusses
- The chapter on Bridge Building gives some suggestions as to form of trusses, the particular types there shown being principally for wide spans. Such trusses were made for one purpose only, namely, to ...
- Roofing Trusses. Continued
- Braced Collar Beam This is a modification of the last type, but is adapted for thick walls only. The tie rod braces (A, A) have to be brought down low to give a good bracing action, and this arra...
- Chapter XX. On The Construction Of Joints
- In uniting two or more elements, some particular type of joint is necessary. In framing timbers, in making braces, in roof construction and supports, in floor beams, and in numerous other places, wher...
- On The Construction Of Joints. Continued
- Framing Joints These are the simplest form in which two members are secured together. They are used almost wholly in rafter work, and have very few modifications. The depth of the cut, for the to...
- Chapter XXI. Some Mistakes, And A Little Advice In Carpentry
- In the mechanical arts, workers are as likely to learn from the mistakes committed as through correct information imparted. Advice, therefore, might be considered superfluous. But there are certain th...
- Carpentry Glossary
- Acute Acute. Sharp, to the point. Adjuster Adjuster. A tool which measures distances and relative spaces. sthetic sthetic. The theory of taste; science o...
- Carpentry Glossary. Part 2
- Callipered Callipered. A measured portion which has its side or thickness fixed by a finely graduated instrument. Cambered Cambered. Slightly rising in the middle portion. An upward...
- Carpentry Glossary. Part 3
- Depressed Depressed. A sunken surface or part. Diagrammatical Diagrammatical. A drawing made to illustrate the working or the scheme, without showing all the parts or giving their r...
- Carpentry Glossary. Part 4
- Fluting Fluting. The channel or channels in a body; as the grooves in a column. Gain Gain. A square or beveled notch or groove cut out of a girder, beam, post or other material, at ...
- Carpentry Glossary. Part 5
- Kit Kit. A working outfit; a collection of tools or implements. Level Level. A tool designed to indicate horizontal or vertical surfaces. Liberal Liberal. Not narrow o...
- Carpentry Glossary. Part 6
- Parallel Parallel. Extended in the same direction, and in all parts equally distant. Perspective Perspective. A view; a vista; the effect of distance upon the appearance of objects,...
- Carpentry Glossary. Part 7
- Soffit Soffit. The under side of an arch. Solid Solid. Not hollow; full of matter; having a fixed form; hard; opposed to liquid or fluid. Spindle Spindle. A small mand...
- The "How-To-Do-It" Books
- Carpentry For Boys A book which treats, in a most practical and fascinating manner all subjects pertaining to the King of Trades; showing the care and use of tools; drawing; designing, and the ...
- The Wonder Island Boys
- By Roger T. Finlay Thrilling adventures by sea and land of two boys and an aged Professor who are cast away on an island with absolutely nothing but their clothing. By gradual and natural stages th...
- Campfire and Trail Series
- 1. In Camp on the Big Sunflower. 2. The Rivals of the Trail. 3. The Strange Cabin on Catamount Island. 4. Lost in the Great Dismal Swamp. 5. With Trapper Jim in the North Woods. 6. Caught in a F...
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