Sec. 17. A small final hook, on the L-hook side of a straight stem, or a lengthened final hook on the inner side of a curved stem, indicates an added F or V. [Lines 1-4.) a. S or Z is added to the F-hook by writing the circle within the hook. (Line 5.) b. The F-hook is always read after the stem to which it is attached, and after any vowel or initial hook, but before a final circle. When F or V is the last consonant sound of a word, and is followed by a vowel, the stem must be used.

c. Phrasing. - The F-hook adds to a word-sign the word Have, Of, Ever, or Live. (Line 6.) d. A small hook within the F-hook on curves, indicates N or Ng, and also adds the word Been, in phrasing. (Line 6.)

Key to Line 6. - It-will-have-been. Oujrht-to-have-known. To-have-known. To-have-been. There-have. They-have. You-have. Part-of. Which-of-these. Forever. Have-ever. It-may-have-been. They-have-been.

F-Hook Contractions

Write Exercises XIV. and XV. of the Speed-book.