Daniele Manin, an Italian statesman, born in Venice, May 13, 1804, died in Paris, Sept. 22, 1857. He studied law at the university of Padua, and commenced practice about 1830. He early became a champion of the national party, though aiming to combat Austria with legal weapons. After the accession of Pius IX. Manin and Tommaseo became the leaders of the reform movement in Venice (1847). Manin asked for a separate government of Venice and Lombardy, a revision of the codes, an annual budget, and freedom of religion and of the press. Upon Radetzky's bloody suppression of a riot in Milan (Jan. 9, 1848), his and his colleague's protests (Jan. 18) resulted only in the imprisonment of the two patriots. The revolution which soon followed forced the Austrian commander, Count Zichy, to surrender, March 22; the republic of Venice or St. Mark was proclaimed, March 23, and Manin and Tommaseo were placed at the head of affairs. The Venetians prepared to form an independent republic in confederation with the other Italian states; but the Venetian assembly, convened June 3, agreed to the fusion with Sardinia and Lombardy so as to form a united kingdom of northern Italy under Charles Albert. Manin resigned; but after the king's defeat at Custozza (July 25;, the Venetians prepared for a separate defence.

The republican banner of St. Mark was again hoisted, Aug. 11. and a triumvirate was appointed i<> earn on a dictatorial government on the 13th, Manin being its head. After the defeat of Charles Albert's army at Novara, March 23, 1849, the Austrians concentrated their efforts upon the subjugation of Venice, while the French undertook the reduction of Pome. Fort Mala-ghera, one of the forts outside of Venice, fell into the hands of the Austrians, May 26, and Rome was occupied by the French at the beginning of July. Venice, however, continued its resistance under the military lead of Gen. Pepe, and Manin only capitulated (Aug. 23) upon terms of amnesty to all except 40 conspicuous leaders, including himself, who were compelled to withdraw before the entrance of Radetzky. He spent the rest of his life in exile in Paris, supporting himself by giving lessons in Italian, and occasionally writing for the newspapers of Paris, London, and Turin. After the liberation of Venice his remains were brought from Paris at national expel and buried with great solemnity (March 22, 1868). An edition of some of his writings was published under the title Document et pieces authentiqucs laisses par Daniel Matin (Paris, 1860). See also Daniel Manin, by 11. Martin (Paris, 1859), and Errera, La vitaed i tempi di Daniele Manin (Venice. 1872).