Jules Barthelemy-Salm-Hilaire, a French savant, born in Paris, Aug. 19, 1805. He was employed in the ministry of finance and as assistant professor of French literature in the polytechnic school till 1838, when the first portion of his translation of Aristotle gained for him the chair of Greek and Latin philosophy in the college de France, followed the next year by a seat in the academy of moral and political sciences. In 1840 he served for some time under Cousin in the ministry of public instruction. He became connected with the Globe and other newspapers, was an earnest opponent of Charles X. and of Louis Philippe, and after the revolution of 1848, as member of the constituent and legislative assemblies, was one of the leaders of the conservative republicans. He made an unsuccessful attempt to have Gen. Cavai-gnao censured for the ineffectiveness of the measures taken to suppress the insurrection of June in its beginnings. He denounced the usurpation of Louis Napoleon in December, 1851, and for a short time was a prisoner at Mazas. He resigned his connection with the college de France, which had been placed under his direction, and did not resume his professorship till 1862. In the mean time he had cooperated with M. de Lessens in the Suez canal project (1855-,8), and visited Egypt as one of the representatives of that enterprise.

In 1869 he was elected to the national assembly, and in 1871 he became secretary general of the cabinet of his old and intimate friend M. Thiers, with whom ho was elected in 1872 member of the geographical society. His translation of the works of Aristotle (17 vols. 8vo, 1837-'66) is the first complete French version, and is very fully annotated. He has also published a memoir De la Logique d'Aristote (2 vols. 8vo, 1838). Among his other works are several on Buddhism, Mahomet et le Goran (1865), and Philosophic des deux Ampere (1866).