This section is from the "American Horticultural Manual Vol2" book, by J. L. Budd. Also available from Amazon American Horticultural Manual, Part Two.
Originated from seed of Baldwin by C. W. Babbitt, of Woodford County, Illinois, about 1845; hardy and productive in Central States. Tree large, a strong grower, with large leaves and tough wood.
Fruit large, oblate conical, angular; skin thick but tender; surface smooth, greenish white, shaded, washed and striped with red; dots few, light; cavity large, regular, deep, with gradual slope, and russet markings; stem short, slender at fruit, thick at base; basin of medium size, regular, abrupt, furrowed; calyx very small and closed; segments very short, converging, slightly reflexed. Core large, wide, conical, open, clasping; seeds few, of medium size, plump, brown; flesh yellowish white, fine-grained, juicy, brisk subacid, very good, particularly for cooking. Winter. (U. S. Agr. Rep., 1893, p. 286.)
Origin, New York; tree vigorous, productive.

Bailey Sweet.
Fruit large, roundish tapering, obscurely ribbed, irregular; surface roughened by scattered russet dots, yellow, mostly covered with dark rich red, obscurely striped, solid on sunny side; dots many, minute, russet, distinct; cavity regular, acuminate, slightly russeted, deep, narrow; stem short; basin shallow, narrow, abrupt, slightly corrugated, wrinkled; calyx half open; segments entire, divergent. Core closed; tube funnel-shaped; stamens median; seeds large, long-pointed, plump; flesh yellow, moderately juicy, firm, fine-grained, very sweet, very good. Early winter.
Origin, Ridgefield, Connecticut; tree vigorous, spreading, productive.
Fruit large, roundish oblate, inclining to conic; surface yellowish, mostly shaded and splashed with shades of crimson; cavity regular, medium; stalk short, moderately stout; basin shallow, slightly corrugated; calyx closed; segments slightly recurved. Core small; flesh yellowish, rather coarse, often tinged with crimson near the skin, pleasant subacid, very good. October to February.
Origin, Wilmington near Lowell, Massachusetts. A chance seedling which bore its first fruit about the middle of the eighteenth century; now a leading Eastern market variety. Tree vigorous, upright, spreading, very productive.

Baldwin.
Fruit large, roundish, narrowing a little to the calyx; surface rich yellow on shaded side, nearly covered with deep red on sunny side with stripes of crimson and bright red, sometimes overlaid with veined russet; dots minute, russet, or gray; cavity wide, regular, moderately deep, with some radiating russet; stem medium; basin deep, narrow, generally wavy or plaited; calyx large, half open, or open; segments short. Core closed, meeting or sometimes clasping; cells obovate, slit; tube conical; stamens median; seeds rather few, long, somewhat flattened, many of them imperfect, angular; flesh yellowish, juicy, crisp, rich subacid, very good. Southern-grown specimens are not as good in quality. November to March, at its best in January.
 
Continue to: