5 K 2 irritable. It is not, therefore, always proper in inflammations where the action of the vessels is inconsiderable; but, in watery solutions, a valuable remedy where the circulation is pushed on with increased energy. When we aim at producing suppuration, gentle and continued warmth, sometimes with a slight stimulus, favours the dilatation of the arteries, and lessens the resistance of the skin. (See Furunculus.) In indolent tumours, the stimulant applications are most useful; in highly inflammatory states, the emollients, with anodynes.

Dr. Cullen has inserted, among the species of phlo-gosis(external inflammation), erysipelas; but apparently without due consideration, as its nature and symptoms differ essentially from phlogosis. When attended with fever, it is an exanthema; and, when without it, a cutaneous disease.

When inflammation attacks the glands independent of fever, the lymphatic glands chiefly suffer, and the treatment of these is not very different from that of phlogosis. In general, resolution is attempted by topical evacuations, by sedatives, or occasionally by those remedies which excite the action of the minuter vessels. We shall, however, enlarge on this subject, under the diseases where they chiefly occur, viz. Syphilis and Scrofula, q. v.

It might be expected that we should distinguish the inflammations, attended to the active energy of the whole arterial system, from those which are rather owing to atony; but in general these form varieties only, as the putrid peripneumonia, the ulcered throat, etc. Were we to make any approach to such distinction, we should arrange them in the following order, from the system of Dr. Cullen:

T. Inflammations peculiarly active. Phrenitis.

Ophthalmia epidemica(egyptianophthalmy). Cynanche.

Trachealis and Pharyngea. Pneumonia. Rheumatismus.

II. Inflammations less active. Phlogosis. Ophthalmia.

Membranarum and Tars Cynanche.

Trachealis. Carditis. Peritonitis. Gastritis.

Phlegmonodea. Enteritis. Hepatitis. Splenitis. Nephritis. Cystitis. Hysteritis. Odontalgia. Podagra.

III

Atonic Inflammations. Anthrax. Cynanche. Maligna.

Pneumonia.

Putrida. Gastritis and Enteritis.

Erysipelatosa. Arthropuosis. Podagra.

Aberrans.

Bell on Ulcers, edit. 3, p. 17 - 36, 47 - 53; Cullen's First Lines, edit. 4, vol. i. p. 211; Kirkland's Medical Surgery, vol. i. p. 235; Pearson's Principles of Surgery, vol. i.; White's Surgery, vol. i.; Wilson on Febrile Diseases.

1. Inflammation in a joint. See Rheumatismus and Hydrarthus.

2. Inflammation of the heart, carditis. Dr. Cullen has placed the inflammatio pulmonis Lommii, and pericarditis, as synonyms, under this genus, included in the class pyrexia, and order febres, defining it to be fever, with pain in the region of the heart, anxiety, difficulty of breathing, cough, unequal pulse, palpitation, and fainting: in this case also the pulse is small, irregular, and intermittent; the patient frequently faints, and if not speedily relieved the disorder soon becomes fatal. The method of cure is not peculiar, but resembles that of other internal inflammations of the chest. Though the pulse is soft, bleeding, it is said, must be carried to a greater extent than in pneumonia or pleuri-tis; but in other respects the cure does not greatly differ from that of pneumonia. Where we have suspected carditis we have thought the camphor peculiarly useful. It often seems to succeed pneumonia, or rather the inflammation appears to be communicated from the lungs to the heart or pericardium. See Senac sur le Coeur; Lieutaud's Historia Anatomico Medica; and Inflammatio pericardii, No. 15.

3. Inflammation of the fauces. See Angina.

4. Inflammation of the thigh. Inflammation sometimes takes place under fascia lata femoris, followed by very unkindly suppurations. The usual remedies of active inflammation must be employed; but whenever matter is formed it should be discharged as soon as it is discovered.

The remedies of active inflammation do not always appear to be indicated by the violence of pain, or degree of fever, and the disease sometimes approaches in the insidious form of the psoas inflammation. It is distinguished, however, from the latter, by want of pain on bending the body. The diagnosis is, indeed, of less importance; as free bleeding and a sudorific regimen, with the relaxing diaphoretics, are useful in both. The inflammation of the thigh terminates more safely than that of the psoas muscle, though, as the matter falls down, the abscess does not soon appear, and then points' at a very distant part. The sinus is, therefore, generally extensive, and requires a steady, though not a violent, pressure.

5. Inflammation of the liver. See Hepatitis.

6. Inflammation of the intestines; enteritis. Dr. Cullen places this disease in the class pyrexia, and order phlegmasia; defining it a typhus, attended with pungent, tensive, pain of the abdomen, chiefly felt round the umbilicus; a vomiting and obstinate constipation He distinguishes two species.

1. Enteritis phlegmonodea, inflammation of the bowels, with acute pain, strong febrile affection, vomiting, and costiveness.

2. Enteritis erysipelatosa, inflammation of the bowels, with pain and fever, more mild than the former, without vomiting, but with an attendant diarrhoea.

The disease consists in an inflammation of the external coat of the intestines, and differs greatly from an inflammation of the villous coat, or mucous membrane, usually attended with aphthae or a dysentery. (See Dysenteria.) According to the different parts of the intestine in which the inflammation is seated, different names have been assigned; but the treatment is the same in all.

If a sharp pain, with a fever and nausea, is felt above the navel, and below the stomach, the colon under the stomach is the probable seat of the inflammation: if in the right hypochondrium, under the spurious ribs, then that part of the colon which joins the ilium may be affected: if in the middle of the belly about the navel, the small intestines. The different parts affected need not, however, be accurately discriminated, since, as we have observed, the method of cure is the same.