The following plan for indicating the construction and vocalization of phonographic outlines by means of common types was first printed in the Phonographic Magazine for June I, 1895. It is built mainly upon a scheme of characteristics, as follows:

CAPITALS are the characteristic representatives of strokes. ROMAN CAPITALS are the characteristic representatives of of downward and horizontal strokes: P, B, T, D, Ch, J, K, G, F, V, Th, Dh, S, Z, Sh, Zh, L, R, M, N, Ng, W, Y, Mp. ITALIC CAPITALS are the characteristic representatives of upward strokes: Sh, L, R, H. Small capitals are the characteristic representatives of modifications by halving and doubling :

T, U; Thr, Dhr, Tr, Dr, Kr, Gr, R

Lower-case letters are the characteristic representatives of appendages and vowels. Roman lower-case are the characteristic representatives of circles: s; z; ss; sz; zs; zz; ss,z; sz,z ; zs, z; zz, z. Italic lo-wer case are the characteristic representatives of hooks and loops:

/, r, 7V, hzv, n, f, v, shn, zhn; st, zd, str. Diacritical vowel-signs are the characteristic representatives of the vowels: .

e a a a 0 u

1 e a 6 u u and, with lower-case w and y, of the coalescents: we wa wa wa wo wu wi we wa wo wu wu ye ya ya ya yo yu yl ye ya yd yu yu

Grouped vowel-signs, without diacritics, are the characteristic representatives of the diphthongs: ai, oi, au, (wai). Dissyllabic diphthongs are indicated by the sign between the component vowels: e u, a u, a u, a u, o u, u, u.

ai u, oi u, au u.

we a, etc.; ye ,u, etc. Special representation tick-h: Roman lower-case h.

dot-h: Roman lower-case heavy face h.

large 70-hook: lower-case heavy face italic w. Suffixes are spelled out and separated from the stem by an inverted period; thus, "contain" is written con Tn. Disjunction or the breaking of an outline is indicated by X between the parts ; thus, " freighted " is written FrtXD. Joining of a diphthong or coalescent to an outline is indicated by

+, as " idea," ai+De u. The use of the phonographic hyphen is indicated by = between the parts; thus, "story-teller" is written stR=T/R. Vowel and tick wordsigns are spelled out; as, I, of, you, he. Proximity is indicated by between the outlines; thus, "wonder of the world " is written wNdr wRd. Position is indicated by a superior figure I or 3, placed immediately after the capital letter which stands for the positioned stroke.

When no figure appears the outline is in the second position, or on the line. Phrasing is indicated by connecting the words with hyphens. Thus,

"in-the" is written N'-the. The first sentence on page 93 is represented as follows: MaiKV ShuPaK, a swiS DoKTr of seZeBrlTi N'-the List seNT-yuRi, Z aFen ViziTeD Bai PePl of DistiNgshm and-FaRTyuN. The first two sentences on page 181 are represented as follows: M'r-PrzDnT - T-z N2tL F M« to iNdLJ N'-the iL3zhnz of P3. wR aPr to ShT R3 ai+Z Gnst-a. PnFL Tr and-LsN to-the sNg1 of-I>hT saiRn Tl Shx TrsFRMz S NT BIsts.