Johann Kaspar Blintschli, a German jurist and statesman, born in Zurich, Switzerland, March 7, 1808. He studied under Savigny at Berlin and under Niebuhr at Bonn, where he graduated in 1829. He was employed in the judiciary at Zurich and as teacher at the uni-. versity (1830), and subsequently as professor, and member of the grand council (1837) and of the local government (1839). In opposition to the radicals, he founded a liberal-conservative party, and energetically, but in vain, exerted himself to prevent the civil war of 1847. After the downfall of the Sonderbund, and the decided victory of radicalism, he left Switzerland and became professor of German and international law at Munich (1848), and since 1861 he has been professor of political science at Heidelberg. He was active in 1862 in favor of a German house of representatives as a step toward national unity, and as a member of the Baden upper house in the cause of parliamentary reform. In conjunction with Baumgarten and other reformers he founded in 1864 the Protestant union, was president of the Protestant conventions at Eisenach (1865), Neustadt (1867), Bremen and Berlin (1868), and of the Baden general synod (1867). After the victory of Prussia over Austria in 1866 he favored an intimate union between North and South Germany, and was elected in 1867 to the Zollparlament (customs parliament). His works include Stoats- und L'crhts-geschichte der Stadt und Landschaft Zurich (2 vols., 1838-9; 2d ed., 1856); 'Geschichte des Schweizerischen Bundesrechts (2 vols., 1816 -'52); Allgemeines Staatsrecht (2 vols., Munich, 3d ed., 1863); Deutsches Privatrecht (1853; 3d ed., 1864); and Gesehichte des allge-meinen Staatsrechts und der Politil- (1864), the last named being the first of a series of works relating to the history of the various sciences, the publication of which was proposed by Maximilian II., the late king of Bavaria. Among the other works which make him a high authority on international and political sciences and law and the laws of war are: Das moderne Kriegsrecht der civilisirten Staaten als Rechtsbuch dargestellt (Nordlingen, 1866); Das moderne Vollcerrecht ah Itechts-buch 'mit Erlanterungen (Nordlingen, 1868; French translation, by Lardy, Paris, 1869); Das moderne Valkerreeht in dem Franzosisch-Deutschen Kriege con 1870 (Heidelberg 1871); and Das Deutsche Staatsworterbuch, in conjunction with Brater (11 vols., 1857-70).