This section is from the book "Facts Worth Knowing", by Robert Kemp Philip. Also available from Amazon: Inquire Within for Anything You Want to Know.
Many have heard of the brilliant stucco whitewash on the east end of the President's house at Washington. The following is a receipt for it; it is gleaned from the National Intelligencer, with some additional improvements learned by experiments. Take half a bushel of nice unslacked lime, slack it with boiling water, cover it during the process to keep in the steam. Strain the liquid through a fine sieve or strainer, and add to it a peck of salt, previously well dissolved in warm water; three pounds of ground rice, boiled to a thin paste, and stirred in boiling hot; half a pound of powdered Spanish whiting, and a pound of clean glue, which has been previously dissolved by soaking it well, and then hanging it over a slow fire, in a small kettle within a large one filled with water. Add five gallons of hot water to the mixture, stir it well, and let it stand a few days covered from the dirt.
It should be put on right hot; for this purpose it can be kept in a kettle on a portable furnace. It is said that about a pint of this mixture will cover a square yard upon the outside of a house if properly applied. Brushes more or less small may be used according to the neatness of the job required. It answers as well as oil paint for wood, brick or stone, and is cheaper. It retains its brilliancy for many years. There is nothing of the kind that will compare with it, either for inside or outside walls.
Colouring matter may be put in and made of any shade you like. Spanish brown stirred in will make red pink, more or less deep according to the quantity. A delicate tinge of this is very pretty, for inside walls. Finely pulverized common clay, well mixed with Spanish brown, make a reddish stone colour. Yellow-ochre stirred in makes yellow wash, but crome goes further, and makes a colour generally esteemed prettier. In all these case the darkness of the shades of course is determined by the quantity of colouring used. It is difficult to make rules because tastes are different, it would be best to try experiments on a shingle and let it dry. We have been told that green must not be mixed with lime. The lime destroys the colour, and the colour has an effect on the whitewash, which makes it crack and peel. When walls have been badly smoked and you wish to have them a clean white, it is well to squeeze indigo plentifully through a bag into the water you U6e, before it is stirred in the whole mixture. If a larger quantity than five gallons be wanted, the same proportion should be observed.
 
Continue to: