7. Cornus Fèmina Mill. Panicled Cornel Or Dogwood

Fig. 3186

Cornus femina Mill. Gard. Dict. Ed. 8, No. 4. 1768. Cornus candissima Marsh, Arb. Am. 35. 1785. Not Mill. 1768. Cornus paniculata L'Her. Cornus 9. pl. 15. 1788.

A shrub, 6°-15° high, with gray smooth twigs, even the youngest glabrous or nearly so. Leaves petioled, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, long-acuminate at the apex, acute at the base, minutely appressed-pubescent on both sides, pale beneath, 1 1/2' - 4' long; cymes loosely flowered, somewhat paniculate, the rays mostly glabrous; petals white, lanceolate; fruit globose, or slightly depressed, white, about 3" in diameter; fruiting pedicels red; stone subglobose, slightly furrowed, or somewhat broader than high.

In rich soil, Maine and Ontario to North Carolina, Minnesota, Tennessee and Nebraska. White-fruited dogwood. White cornel. May-June.

8. Cornus Stricta Lam. Stiff Cornel Or Dogwood

Fig. 3187

Cornus stricta Lam. Encycl. 2: 116. 1786.

C. fastigiata Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 92. 1803.

A shrub, 8°-15° high, resembling the preceding species, the twigs purplish or reddish brown. Leaves petioled, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate at the apex, narrowed or sometimes rounded at the base, sparingly and finely appressed-pubescent on both sides, 1 1/2'-3' long, the margins often minutely denticulate, green above and beneath; cymes rather loosely flowered, 1 1/2'-2 1/2' broad, their rays nearly or quite glabrous; petals white, ovate-lanceolate, or oblong; fruit pale blue, about 3" in diameter; stone globose, nearly smooth.

In swamps and along streams, Virginia to Georgia, Florida and Missouri. April-May. Panicled cornel.

9. Cornus Alternifòlia L. F. Alternate-Leaved Cornel Or Dogwood

Fig. 3188

Cornus alternifolia L. f. Suppl. 125. 1781.

A shrub, or small tree, with smooth greenish bark, reaching a maximum height of about 30o and trunk diameter of 8'. Leaves slender-petioled, alternate, clustered near the ends of the branches, oval or ovate, acuminate at the apex, narrowed or sometimes rounded at the base, 2-4' long, pale and appressed-pubescent beneath, glabrate above, the margins minutely denticulate; petioles 1/2'-1 1/2' long; cymes 2-4' broad, pubescent; petals white, or cream-color, lanceolate; fruit globular, or slightly depressed, blue, rarely yellow, about 4" in diameter; stone somewhat obovoid, channeled, scarcely flattened.

In woods. Miquelon Island and Nova Scotia to Georgia, Ontario, Minnesota, West Virginia. Alabama and Missouri. Ascends to 2500 ft. in Virginia. Wood hard, reddish brown; weight per cubic foot 42 lbs. Blue or purple dogwood. Umbrella-tree. Green osier. Pigeon-berry. May-July.