This section is from the book "Alcohol, Its Production, Properties, Chemistry, And Industrial Applications", by Charles Simmonds. Also available from Amazon: Alcohol: Its Production, Properties, Chemistry, And Industrial Applications.
According to Lob and Lorenz,3 when ethyl alcohol is electrolysed in sulphuric acid solution the final products are aldehyde, acetic ester, formic ester, ethyl sulphuric acid, and ethylidene oxy.ethyl ether [CH3CH(OH)OC2H5]. In nitric acid solution, in addition to these oxidation products, carbon derivatives of ammonia have been observed at the negative pole.
1 Compt. rend., 1914, 158, 1892.
2 J. Russ. Phys. Ghem. Soc, 1908, 40, 887.908; Chem. Zentr., 1908, 2, 1568; J. Soc. Chem. Ind., 1909, 28, 853.
3 " Electrochemistry of Organic Compounds," 1906, p. 60.
In hydrochloric acid solutions, chloro.acetic acids occur, as well as oxidation products, whilst in alkaline solution an aldehyde resin is obtained. Finally, with alcohol in aqueous solution, after addition of potassium acetate, the products were ethane, carbon dioxide, acetic ester, and potassium ethyl carbonate.
Dielectric constant. . Walden1 has found the following values of this constant for ethyl alcohol: -
Temperature | Diel. const. K. |
1.5° ....................... | 28.8 |
18.5o ........................ | 25.4 |
49.2° ........................ | 20.8 |
Electric absorption. . The following data are due to P. Beaulard.2 For convenience, the figures relating to methyl and propyl alcohols are also included.
Length of wave. Metres. | True specific inductive power. | Apparent spec. induct. power. | |
Methyl alcohol............................... | 12 | 33.28 | 2.567 |
35 | 33.31 | 4.303 | |
Ethyl alcohol.................................. | 12 | 25 | 3.701 |
35 | 25 | 4.565 | |
Propyl alcohol................................ | 12 | 13.32 | 3.347 |
35 | 13.30 | 4.950 |
Specific inductive powers of mixtures of ethyl alcohol and water (Beaulard and Maury).3
Alcohol, per cent. | Apparent spec. induct. power. | |
λ = 35 m. | λ = 12 m. | |
99 | 4.876 | 3.684 |
97 | 4.775 | 3.825 |
95 | 4.648 | 4.969 |
90 | 4.531 | 3.700 |
85 | 4.312 | 3.486 |
80 | 4.152 | 3.505 |
70 | 6120 | 3.892 |
60 | 5.761 | 3.903 |
50 | 5.144 | 3.162 |
40 | 4.562 | 3.629 |
30 | 4.501 | 3.588 |
15 | 4.956 | 3.456 |
0 | 4.418 | 3.592 |
1 Zeitsch. physikal. Chem., 1910, 70, 573. 2 Compt. rend., 1910, 151, 56, 3 Jown. de Phys., 1910, [iv], 9, 43.
The molecular magnetic rotation of ethyl alcohol was found by Perkin1 to be 2780.
 
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