This section is from the book "The American Woman's Cook Book", by Ruth Berolzheimer. Also available from Amazon: The Domestic Arts Edition of the American Woman's Cook Book.
Vanilla -
2 cups sugar
1/2 cup corn sirup
1/2 cup milk
1 teaspoon vanilla
4 tablespoons butter 1 cup cream or condensed milk
Cook the ingredients, except the vanilla, to the stiff-ball stage, or 246° F. Remove from the fire, add the vanilla and pour into a buttered pan. When it is cold, turn it out of the pan and cut it into squares.
Chocolate - Use the same ingredients as for vanilla caramels but reduce the cream or condensed milk to one-half cup and add three squares of chocolate. Break the chocolate in small pieces, add to the other ingredients and proceed as for vanilla caramels.
2 cups molasses
1 cup granulated sugar
3/4 cup water
1/8 teaspoon soda
4 tablespoons butter or other fat 1/2 teaspoon vanilla
Cook the molasses, sugar and water slowly to the hard-ball stage (260° F.) stirring during the latter part of the cooking to prevent its burning. Remove from the fire, add the fat, soda and vanilla and stir enough to mix. Pour into a greased pan and, when cool enough to handle, pull it until it becomes light in color. Stretch it into a long rope and cut with scissors into small pieces.
2 cups granulated sugar
1/2 cup water
1 teaspoon glycerin
2 1/2 tablespoons vinegar
1 teaspoon lemon or vanilla extract
Boil the sugar, water, glycerin and vinegar to the hard-ball stage (260° F.). Add flavoring. Pour on to a greased platter. When cool enough to handle, pull until very white, stretch into a long rope, and cut into short pieces.
2 cups sugar 1/3 cup corn sirup 1 cup water 4 egg-whites
1 teaspoon vanilla
1/2 cup candied cherries
Boil together half of the sugar, half of the water and half of the corn sirup to the stiff-ball stage (246°- 250° F.). Remove the sirup from the fire and pour it slowly over the well-beaten whites and continue beating until it is cool. While beating, cook the remaining half of the ingredients to the stiff-ball stage. Remove and add at once to the first mixture, beating while adding. When cool, add the vanilla, nut-meats and candied cherries and pour into buttered pans. Smooth over the surface and let it stand over night before cutting. In the morning cut and wrap in waxed paper.
1 cup granulated sugar 1 cup brown sugar 1/4 cup light corn sirup 1 cup water
1/3 cup butter 1 teaspoon vanilla or lemon extract
Put sugar, sirup and water into a saucepan and set over direct heat. Stir until the sugar is dissolved, then cook without stirring to the stiff ball stage (250° F.). Add fat and cook to the medium crack stage (280° F.), for soft butterscotch, or to the hard crack stage (300° F.) for brittle candy. Remove from fire, add the flavoring and pour on a greased slab. Mark while still warm and when cold break into pieces.
 
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