Compare amount of food for a man at sedentary work, a woman at moderate labor, boy 13-14, girl 15-16, and extreme old age.

Under what conditions will any one else need what a boy 15-16 eats ? Under what conditions will a woman, boy, and girl need what an aged person eats ?

How much food does a boy need at 12 ? a girl at 12 ? a boy at 10 ? a girl at 10 ? .

When do boys and girls need the same amount; when different ?

When does a child need 1/2 as much food as its mother ? as its father ?

How much more food does a boy 13-14 need than a child 2-5 ?

Distribution of Incomes ]

$1000

$2200

$3600

Food

1/3

5/16

5/18

Rent

1/6+

1/6+

1/6+

Maintenance of house

1/6

3/16

1/6

Clothing

1/6-

1/6-

1/6

All other expenses

1/6 -

1/6-

2/9

(Write the above proportions as decimals) (For families of 5 : 2 adults ; 3 children)

How much in dollars does each family spend for food ? for rent, etc. ? for food a week ? Compare food expenditure with that given on page 156.

If the man at $1000 does heavy labor, and the one at $3600 sedentary work, how much more food would the former need ? If one mother does moderate work and the other light, what is the difference in the food-need ?

Will a family of girls or boys spend more on food ?

If each of the above families had a boy over 14, a girl under 12, a child of 8, and the father and mother do moderate work, what would each spend apiece for food a week ?

Try this with other families that you select yourselves.

Population Of United States - 1910 Age Distribution

Census, 1910

Total

%

Men - Boys

Ratio

Women - Girls

Total Population

91,972,266

100.

47,332,277

106 to 100

44,639,989

Under 5 yr.

10,631,364

11.6

5,380,596

102.5 " 100

5,250,768

5 to 14 "

18,867,772

20.5

9,525,876

102. " 100

9,341,896

15 " 24 "

18,120,587

19.7

9,107,572

101. " 100

9,013,015

25 " 44 "

26,809,875

29.1

14,054,482

110.2 " 100

12,755,393

45 " 64 "

13,424,089

14.6

7,163,532

114.4 " 100

6,260,757

65 and over

3,949,524

4.3

1,985,976

101.1 " 100

1,963,548

% Distribution by Ages of Men - Boys and Women - Girls

Under 5 Yr.

5 to 14 Yr.

15 to 24 Yr.

25 to 44 Yr.

45 TO 64 Yr.

65 AND OVER

Men - Boys

11.4

20.I

I9.2

29.7

15.1

4.2

Women - Girls

11.8

20.9

20.2

28.6

14.

4.4

(Find similar percentages for different groups given on opposite page).

Population Of United States 1910 Age Distribution 145

(From the Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910)

Compare percentages in diagram for 1910 with number of persons stated on opposite page.

Make a comparative chart of these percentages in both diagrams. Use heavy, solid black for 1910 and crossed lines for 1900.

Age - Race - Native - Foreign Composition Of Population

Census, 1910

Total

%

Men - Boys

Ratio

Women - Girls

Native white {native parentage)

49,488,575

100

25,229,218

104 to 100

24,259,357

Under 5 yr.

6,546,282

13.2

3,326,237

103.3 " 100

3,220,045

5 to 14 "

11,185,298

22.6

5,669,886

102.8 " 100

5,515,412

15 " 24 "

9.771,977

20.1

4,885,442

100. " 100

4,886,535

25 " 44 "

12,946,441

26.I

6,642,210

105.4 " 100

6,304,231

45 " 64 "

6,740,000

I3.6

3,547,325

111.1 " 100

3,192,675

65 and over

2,201,068

4.4

1,089,349

98. " 100

1,111,719

Native white {foreign or mixed parentage)

18,897,837

100

9,425,239

99.5 to 100

9,472,598

Under 5 yr.

2,674,125

14.2

1,350,473

102. " 100

1,323,652

5 to 14 "

4,551,444

24.1

2,289,629

101.2 " 100

2,261,815

15 " 24 "

4,078,683

21.6

2,008,982

97.1 " 100

2,068,701

25 " 44 "

5,210,109

27.6

2,644,475

97. " 100

2,644,475

45 " 64 "

2,117,386

11.2

1,076,222

103.4 " 100

1,041,164

65 and over

255,586

1.4

128,662

101.4 " 100

126,924

Foreign-born white

13,345,545

100

7,523,788

129.2 to 100

5,821,757

Under 5 yr.

102,507

.8

51,940

102.7 " 100

50,567

5 to 14 "

656,839

4.9

331,955

102.2 " 100

324,884

15 " 24 "

2,104,142

15.8

1,175,674

126.6 " 100

928,468

25 " 44 "

5,879,979

41.9

3,442,770

141.3 " 100

1,497,783

65 and over

1,183,349

8.9

607,008

105.3 " 100

576,341

Negro

9,827,763

100

4,885,881

98.9 to 100

4,941,882

Under 5 yr.

1,263,288

12.9

629,320

99.3 " 100

633,968

5 to 14 "

2,401,819

24.4

1,197,249

99.4 " 100

1,204,570

15 " 24 "

2,091,211

21.3

990,102

89.9 " 100

1,101,109

25 " 44 "

2,638,178

26.8

1,304,098

97.8 " 100

1,334,080

45 " 64 "

1,108,103

11.3

595,554

116.2 " 100

512,549

65 and over

294,124

3.

152,482

107.7 " 100

141,642

Indian

265,683

100

135,133

103.5 to 100

130,550

Under 5 yr.

40,384

15.2

20,202

100.1 " 100

20,182

5 to 14 "

67,934

25.6

34,548

103.5 " 100

33,386

15 " 24 "

50,330

18.9

25,877

105.8 " 100

24,453

25 " 44 "

60,175

22.6

30,840

105.1 " 100

29,335

45 " 64 "

32,925

12.4

17,055

107.5 " 100

15,870

65 and over

12,986

4.9

6,130

89.4 " 100

6,856

Chinese, Japanese, and all others

146,863

100

133,018

960.8 to 100

13,845

Under 5 yr.

4,778

3.3

2,424

103. " 100

2,354

5 to 14 "

4,438

3.

2,609

142.6 " 100

1,829

15 " 24 "

24,244

16.5

21,495

781.9 " 100

2,749

25 "44 "

74,993

51.1

68,930

1,136.9 " 100

6,063

45 " 64 "

33,157

22.6

32,441

4,530.9 " 100

716

65 and over

2,411

1.6

2,345

Women less 100 than

66

Production Of Food United States - 1909. Animal Foods

(From the Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910)

Sold

Value

Ratio of Sales to Production

Price in 1909

Milk (gallons)

l,937,255,864

$252,436,757

(1909)

(1899)

13¢ per gal.

Cream "

54,933,583

37,655,047

68.5¢ " "

Butter fat (pounds)

305,662,587

82,311,511

%

%

Butter

415,080,489

100,378,123

41.7

48.3

25¢ per lb.

Cheese

8,136,901

987,974

86.5

89.7

14¢ " "

Produced

Sold

Value

% Increase 1899 - 1909 (quantity) (cost)

Eggs (doz).

1,591,311,371

926,465,787

$180,768,249

23%

112.6

All fowls

488,468,354

153,600,169

75,273,524

48.

All Domestic Animals, in 1909, $5,296,421,619 (Total Value).

Number

Value

Av. Per Head

On Farms

Not on Farms

Cattle

63,682,648

$1,560,339,868

$24.50

$24.26

$32.37

Sheep

52,838,748

234,664,528

4.44

444

4.66

Goats

3,029,795

6,542,172

2.16

2.12

3.19

Swine

59,473,636

409,414,568

6.88

6.86

7.82

States Leading In Number Of Animals On Farms, 1910

1

All Cattle

Dairy Cows

Swine

Sheep and Goats

Texas

New York

Iowa

Wyoming

2

Iowa

Wisconsin

Illinois

Montana

3

Kansas

Iowa

Missouri

Ohio

4

Nebraska

Minnesota

Indiana

New Mexico

5

Wisconsin

Illinois

Nebraska

Idaho

6

Missouri

Texas

Ohio

Texas

7

Illinois

Pennsylvania

Kansas

Oregon

8

New York

Ohio

Texas

California

9

Minnesota

Missouri

Oklahoma

Michigan

10

California

Michigan

Wisconsin

Missouri

Are these the states indicated on the maps on pp. 122-125?

Which state ranks highest in several products? What are the products?

What articles besides food will be produced in the states raising animals?

And Value In United States - 1909 Production Of Food

(From the Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910) VEGETABLE FOODS.

Produced

Value

% Increase 1899-1909

Price in 1909

Cereals

Amount

Value

Corn (bu).

2,552,189,630

$1,438,553,919

737

8l.5

56¢ per bu.

Wheat

683,379,259

657,656,801

77.8

71.3

96¢ " "

Buckwheat "

14,849,332

9,330,592

62.3

22.8

62 + ¢ " "

Barley-

173,044,212

92,458,571

122.1

53.3

53¢ " "

Rye

29,520,457

20,421,812

66.2

43.9

69¢ " "

Rice (rough) "

21,838,580

16,019,607

153.1

4.3

73¢ " "

Vegetables

Potatoes

389,194,965

166,423,910

69.2

18.8

43-¢ " "

Sweet

59,232,070

35,429,176

78.3

28.

60-¢ " "

Beans

11,251,160

21,771,482

185.2

1.93

28¢ " "

Peas

7,129,294

10,963,739

38.6

1.53

83 + ¢ " "

All other Sugar (tons)

216,257,068 61,648,942

79.8 89.1

11,820,379

•57

$5.61 per ton

Berries (qt).

426,565,863

29,974,481

19.8

30.

7¢ " qt.

Fruits

Orchard (bu).

216,083,695

140,867,347

68.2

65.3

65¢ " bu.

Tropical,etc. "

8,227,838

200.3

Nuts (lb).

62,328,010

1,949,931

128.1

46.5

7¢ " qt.

Peanuts "

19,415,816

18,271,929

151.3

•9

55 - ¢ " bu.

Cottonseed (tons)

5,324,634

121,076,984

157.9

34.2

$22.73 " ton

Total crops increased from 1899 to 1909 in value 66.6%.

Note which crops have increased. Where are they grown? (See maps, pp. 18-19).

Note prices of large-quantity sales. Compare these prices with current local retail prices.

Estimate for winter wheat crop in the United States for 1914 is 551,000,000 bushels or 11.5% more than average for 10 years past. During this period 36,506,000 acres under wheat cultivation were abandoned.

All information necessary for a complete, exact computation of food consumed in the United States is not available.

For importations of food, see p. 158.

French consumption of food has been calculated. (See p. 159).