Dried patchouli (pucha pat) 1 oz., rectified spirit a pint. It is generally combined with other perfumes.

Extracts (extraits) are spirituous solutions of the odorous principle of flowers, obtained, indirectly, by agitating and digesting oils and pomatums which have been perfumed by the flowers (see Huiles Antiques, under Hair Cosmetics) with pure spirit. This is repeated with fresh oil until the spirit is sufficiently perfumed. When the same oil or pomade is treated with fresh spirit, inferior extracts, numbered 2, 3, etc, are obtained. These preparations are chiefly made in France.

Extracts (Extraits, or Esprits) of Jessamine, Violets, Lilt of the Valley, are prepared by the process just mentioned.

Extrait de Bouquet. Spirit (extrait) of jessamine 2 quarts, extract of violets 2 quarts, spirit of acacia-flowers, of rose, and of orange-flowers, each a quart, spirit of carnations a quart, flowers of benzoin 1/2 oz., essence of ambergris 1 oz.

Extrait de Mareschale. Essence of millefleurs 1 1/2 oz., essence of jessamine 1 oz., essence of musk 1/2 oz., essence of ambergris 1/2 oz„ essence of cedrat 20 drops, essence of violets 1 oz., sweet spirits of nitre 50 drops, true oil of rosemary 20 drops, rectified spirit 6 oz., oil of neroli 48 drops. Set aside for some time.

Compound Essences. Some of these contain a preparation of the substance whose name they bear, while others are fictitious or imitative, being made up of a variety of other essences and volatile oils. Several of the formulAe are those of M. Piesse.

Essence of Ambergris. This name is applied both to the simple and compound tinctures of ambergris. See Tincture of Ambergris, above. Other formulas may here be given.

1. Ambergris 4 oz., musk 2 oz., tincture of musk seed 7 pints. Digest with a gentle heat.

2. Ambergris 1 dr., musk 1/2 dr., oil of cinnamon 18 drops, oil of rhodium 12 drops, rectified spirit 8 oz., spirit of roses 4 oz., carbonate of potash l 1/2 drs., digest in a warm place for a few days, and strain. See also Essence