Francois Henri De Montmoreney-Bonteville Luxembourg, duke de Luxembourg-Pinei, a French soldier, born in Paris, Jan. 8, 1628, died Jan. 4, 1695. He was the posthumous son of Francois de Montmorency, count de Bouteville.

(See BouteVille.) At an early age he was introduced at court by his aunt, the princess de Conde. Under the great Conde he first saw service at the siege of Lerida; and for his gallantry at the battle of Lens, although then but 20 years of age, he received from Anne of Austria the appointment of marechal de camp. Throughout the war of the Fronde he adhered to his commander, with whom he joined the Spaniards and fought against his countrymen until the peace of the Pyrenees. About this time he was married to Madeleine, heiress and representative of the dukes of Luxembourg-Pinei, a title which he thereupon assumed. At the breaking out of war with Spain in 1667 he joined the army of Turenne as a volunteer, and in the succeeding year, in the capacity of lieutenant general, aided Conde in the conquest of Franche-Comte. In the campaign of 1672 he held chief command in Holland, and at Grool, Deventer, Zwolle, and other places showed himself a skilful general. The statement of the Dutch historians, that before taking the field he encouraged his troops to commit the grossest excesses, is deemed unworthy of credit.

He ended this campaign by a brilliant retreat with 20,000 men in the face of an army of 70,000. He fought under Conde at the battle of Senef in 1674, and in 1675, after the death of Turenne, was appointed a marshal of France. His first operations in this capacity were unfortunate, but he soon captured Valenciennes and Cambrai, aided in gaining the battle of Cassel near St. Omer, forced the prince of Orange to raise the siege of Charleroi, and, when surprised by the latter at St. Denis near Mons, while negotiations for peace were in progress, conducted his retreat with skill. During the long peace which succeeded the treaty of Nime-guen he was accused of participating in the plots of Brinvilliers and Voisin, and of attempting to poison his own wife. To prove his innocence he voluntarily surrendered himself a prisoner at the Bastile, where he was confined for 14 months. Released in 1680 with an unspotted character, he was nevertheless forbidden to reside within 20 leagues of Paris. After 10 years of disgrace he was appointed by Louis to command the army destined for the invasion of Flanders, and in the campaign of 1690 defeated the prince of Waldeck at Fleurus. He was equally successful at Leutze and Steen-kerk in 1692, and in 1693 defeated William III. in the battle of Neerwinden. His last great military act was his retreat before a superior force through Flanders to Tournay.