Bowels, or intestines, are very important parts in the annual economy (see ABDOMEN) often subject to diseases which, if may be attended with dangerous consequences. of this nature, in particular, are inflammations 0f the bowels, which : nifest themselves acute pain, frequently accompa-, ;. of burn.

The abdomen is pained on the slightest touch, add the body is nerally costive. After taking any kind of nutriment, the patient is inclined to vomit but the princi pal symptom, by which an inflammatory state of the intestines may he distinguished from a mere colic, is a peculiar fever, with a small, though hard pulse, while the beat in the extremities of the body con-tinues almost the same as when in a state of health. The most frequent causes of this dangerous complaint are, acrid substauces in bowels; chide and hardened fcese confined ruptures ; suppressed he-morrhages ; violent diarrhoeas and dysenteries: abortions, etc. At commencement, inflammations are often confounded with Other complaints ; and sometimes they terminate in a fatal mortifi cation, though more frequently in suppuration. The degree of danger may be ascertained by the increasing coldness of the extremities, and the more or less inveterate obstipations of the bowels. Hiccough, and vomiting of excrements, indicate the approach of dissolution.

If the inflammation be occasioned by a confined rupture, it sometimes may be reduced by fomentations with cold water and ice, or still more effectually by dropping and evaporating vitriolic rather on the protuberant part. Diluent and emollient liquids are of no service in this case, as they only contribute to distend the bowels ; and where the external application of cold has no effect, the patient must, without delay, submit to an operation.

Suppressed hemorrhoids, and other natural flux* d be restored by applying leeches to the ports, and repeated warm fomentations. Diarrhoeas and dysenteries dugdlt to be treated according to their causes ; and poison introduced into the stomach, should be remedied according to the rules given under the head of Antidotes.

When there is reason to suspect an inflammation, venesection will be necessary ; but the quantity of blood drawn must be regulated by the strength of the: patient, and the nature of the. fever. The bowels should be opened by emollient clysters ; or, if these prove ineffectual, strong solutions of pot-ash, in vinegar, ought, without delay, to bo injected, and the abdomen rubbed with balsamic and antispasmodic embrocations, such as the camphorated liniment, mixed with an equal quantity of honey; or, in cases of extremity, the latter, dissolved in a strong decoction made of sage-leaves and vinegar. If these remedies produce no relief, the smoke of tobacco may be introduced by the rectum, and blisters applied to the abdomen. But, dining the obstipation, no medicines should be used internally ; as Stimulating the stomach and bowels cannot fail to increase the inflammation, and dius endanger the life of the patient.

Disposes of the Bowels. Horses. It is difficult to form a proper judgment respecting disorders of the stomach and bowels of these animals. If a healthy horse, on taking cold after hard riding, etc. should have a moderate purging, it ought not to be stopped, but rather encouraged with an opening diet and water gruel. But if it continues long, with gripings if the horse his appetite and flesh, and voids the mucus of the bowels, or other slimy matter, (he following drench should be given, and re peated every other day for three times. Lenetive electuary and cream of tartar, ot'each four ounces, , yellow rosin, finely powdered, one ounce, and four ounces of sweet oil, mixed in a pint of water gruel.

If the distemper increases, and the horse's flanks and belly appear inflated, a clyster should be given, of chamomile flowers one handful, red-roses half a handful, pomegranate and balaustines, of each an ounce, boiled in two quarts of water to one; and strained with three ounces of diascordium, and one of mithridate, dissolved in it, to which may be added a pint of port wine. This mixture should be injected once a day, and an ounce of dias-cordium given in the animal's night-drink.

When the griping is very severe, in consequence of the mucus of the bowels being washed away, a clyster, composed of two quarts of tripe-broth, or thin starch, half a pint of the oil of olives, the yolk of six eggs, well broke, and two or three ounces of coarse sugar, should frequently be injected warm.

Horses that have weak stomachs, or bowels, void their aliment undi-gested ; and they are generally lean. The following purge has been found an efficacious remedy Socotrine aloes, six drams; rhubarb powdered, three drams; myrrh and saffron, each a dram; made into a ball with syrup of ginger. This purge should be given two or three times, and afterwards an infusion of zedoary, gentian, Winter's bark, and orange-peel, of each two ounces ; pomegranate, bark and balaustines, each an ounce; chamomile flowers and centaury, each a handful; cinnamon and cloves, each an ounce ; the whole Steeped in a gallon of port, or strong beer, should be given to the quan tity of a pint every morning. For the cure of the bloody-flux in horses, the following clyster is highly esteemed : oak-bark, four ounces; tormentil-root , two ounces; burnt hartshorn, three ounces ; boiled in three quarts of forge-water to two, and strained with the addition of two ounces of diascordium, four ounces of starch, and half a dram of opium. Gum-arabic dissolved in hartshorn should be the horse's usual drink.

Incostivenesa, gentle purgatives, such as cream of tartar, Glauber's salts, and lenetive electuary, should be given. Four ounces of any two of these dissolved in warm ale, repeated every other morning in the course of one week, and assisted by an emollient clyster prepared with a handful of salt, will answer this purpose. Scalded bran, with an ounce of fenugreek and lintseed, occasionally given, will prevent cos-tiveness. But where it is constitutional, and the horse continues in perfect health, no inconvenience will arise from it; nay, it is well known, that such horses are remarkably vigorous and hardy.