These are given by French berries, quercitron bark, turmeric, weld, yellow wood, etc. Also by some mineral colours, as the following: The material to be dyed is first padded in a solution of bichromate of potash (8 oz. to a gallon of water), then in a solution of acetate or nitrate of lead. Cotton is dyed yellow by alternate dippings in iron liquor and lime water, or solution of pearlash. A yellow colour is given to silk by passing it through a mixture of equal measures of nitric acid (sp. gr. 1.288) and water, heated to 95° or 100° Fahrenheit, and from thence into a stream of water, or a mixture of chalk and water. This is termed mandarining.

Nankeen Dye is made by boiling annotto with an equal weight of pearlash in sufficient water. Orange is given by annotto; or by a mixture of red and yellow dyes; or by the successive application of acetate of alumina, a bath of quercitron, and the madder-bath.

Greens are given to woollens by first dyeing them blue, immersing the article in acetate of alumina, drying it, and finally immersing it in a quercitron-bath. For silks, the order is reversed.

Browns are given by catechu, by walnut-peels with alum, by redwood and copperas, by madder and black dye, etc.

Drabs are give by fustic with iron liquor.