This section is from the book "Cyclopedia Of Architecture, Carpentry, And Building", by James C. et al. Also available from Amazon: Cyclopedia Of Architecture, Carpentry And Building.
Division of Work.
Work to be Done.
Quality.
Delivery of Materials.
The Contractor.
Laying Out the Work.
Engineer.
Permits.
Fences.
Vouchers.
Protect Work.
Rubbish.
Scaffolding.
Assist Other Contractors.
Cutting.
The Architect.
Drawings and Specification.
Charges.
Bond.
Insurance.
Ownership of Old Material.
Temporary Water-Closet.
Contingent Work.
Award.
Terms of Payment.
Changes.
Time for Completion.
Alterations and Shoring-
Shoring. Raising. New Openings.
Piers.
New Underpinning.
Demolition and Removal -
Old Building. Tearing Down. Removing Walls. Brick.
Old Vaults and Cisterns. House Mover.
Ownership of Old Material. Removal of Old Material.
Excavation and Grading -
(If there is much change of level it is advisable to have a surveyor lay out the finished grades.)
Clearing the Site. Excavate for Cellar. Excavate for Areas. Excavate for Drains. Excavate for Water. Excavate for Cesspools. Blasting. Grading.
Footings below Frost.
Shoring.
Bracing.
Temporary Piling.
Surplus Earth.
Save Loam.
Trees.
Shrubs.
(If possible, have the scheme of grading laid out before beginning to build, in order that the earth excavated from the cellar may, with one handling, be carried to the proper location to carry out the scheme.)
Lime - Cement - Sand. Non-staining Cement. Mortar - Ties. Facing Walls. Bed of Stone. Bond of Stone.
Damp-Proofing.
Coping.
Curbing.
Steps.
Walks.
Carving. Cleaning.
Cement - Sand - Aggregate. Mixing.
Reinforcing Materials.. Blocks - Beams - Forms.
Brick Laying -
Common Brick - Sand Mould-Pressed - Enameled. Lime - Cement - Sand. Bond; Common, English, Flemish. Cutting. Wetting Brick. Freezing Weather. Bedding Window-frames. Chimneys, Flue-linings.
Chimney Caps.
Chimney Bars.
Chases.
Register Openings
Rough Fireplace Openings.
Terra Cotta -
Fireproofing. Ornamental Terra-Cotta.
Grounds. Wood Lath. Metal Lath. Back Plaster. Two-coat Work. Three-coat Work. Exterior Plaster.
Pebble dash.
Lime and Sand Mortar.
Hair.
Cornices.
Relief Work.
Tile Work - Marble and Slate -
Fireplaces.
Interior Marble Work.
Terrazzo.
Bathroom. Walls - Floors. Plumbing Marble.
Quality
Cast.
Wrought.
Bolts. Rivets.
Cast.
Forged
Grilles
Elevator Enclosures.
Steps.
Coal-Hole Cover. Stable Fittings.
Fire-Escape. Balconies. Wire Guards.
Tree Guards. Wheel Guards.
Copper.
Lead.
Zinc.
Ventilators.
Skylights. Cornice Work. Eave Troughs. Speaking Tubes. Ventilation Flues. Heat Ducts.
Tar and Gravel
Copper.
Tin.
Slate. Valley. Flashings. Snow Guards.
Framing.
Lining.
Flooring.
Finish Lumber.
Doors.
Sash.
Blinds.
Glass.
Window Weights and Cord.
Exterior Finish.
Cornice.
Interior Finish Pine.
" Hardwood.
" Natural. " " for Paint.
Closets. Refrigerators. Mantels. Stairs.
Escutcheons.
Sash Locks.
Sash Lifts.
Springs.
Hooks.
Knocker.
Special Hardware for Casement
Windows. House Number. Blind Fixtures. Screen.
Quality of Lead.
" Oil.
" Shellac.
" Varnish. Colors. Putty. Whitewash.
Number of Coats for Each Material. Finish.
Exterior Stains. Metal Work. Roof.
Interior Walls. Plumbing Pipes.
Plate - Double-Thick; Single-Thick.
Stained - Ribbed; Wire Glazing; Cleaning.
Laying out Work.
Cutting, etc.
Flue.
Cold- and Hot-Air Ducts.
Registers.
Boiler.
Piping and Hangers.
Heat Regulator.
Tank.
Fixtures.
Closets.
Bathtubs.
Wash-Trays.
Connection with Waste Pipes.
Laundry Stove.
Hot-Water Boiler.
Water Front. Water Piping. Shut-off Cocks. Soil Piping. Branches. Traps.
Refrigerator Waste. Back-Air Pipes. Fresh-Air Inlet.
Pipes. Tests. Outlets.
Stove Connection. Gas Machine. Gas Logs.
General Description of Scheme.
Wire.
Outlets.
Fixtures.
Switches.
Meter Connections.
The above lists as given are not intended to be in any sense so complete as to be a sufficient guide to work in all buildings. They are inserted to illustrate the scheme often used in offices where the specification writer is somewhat unfamiliar with the work already laid out on the drawings. Practice differs so radically, and the range of building is so wide, that a comprehensive list covering all the multiplicity of questions that arise in connection with buildings, would be cumbersome. But, following the lines above laid out, each specification writer can rapidly accumulate what he needs in his particular line; and the operation of seeking for new items of importance in practice will be a source from which much valuable information and experience will be obtained.
Before proceeding further, the reader should prepare a schedule following the above lines, but should specify under each heading at least double the number of sub-items mentioned.
He should also write a description of the character of work referred to by each heading, these descriptions each to contain approximately one hundred words. For instance, under the head of "Heat-ing," a statement along lines similar to those given below would 'J the requirements.
 
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