Gavin Hamilton

Gavin Hamilton, a Scottish artist, born at Lanark about 1730, died in Rome in 1797. At an early age he went to Rome, where he studied painting. He spent the latter part of his life exploring the neighborhood of Rome for ancient monuments and statues, which he bought and sold, and of which he made a large and valuable collection, now in the Townley gallery of marbles in the British museum. He published "The Italian School of Painting," with 40 superb plates (fob, London, 1773).

Geoffrey Of Monmouth

See Geoffrey.

Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire

See Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire.

Georg Bleibtreij

Georg Bleibtreij, a German painter, born at Xanten, Rhenish Prussia, March 27, 1828. He studied at Dusseldorf, and has resided in Berlin since 1858. His "Battle of Waterloo " and several other works are in the gallery of the prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. The national gallery of Berlin commissioned him to paint "The Battle of Koniggratz."

Georg Bodmer

Georg Bodmer, a Swiss mechanic, born at Zurich in December, 1786, died in June, 1864. Being apprenticed to a mechanic in Thurgau, he invented screw or cross wheels in 1803, and made important improvements in the machinery for wool-spinning in 1805. He established himself at Kiissnacht, where in 1808 he invented a cannon for firing bombs which exploded when they struck. He settled in 1809 at St. Blasien in Baden, where he devoted himself to the manufacture and improvement of firearms and industrial machinery. In 1824 he went to Manchester, England, where he applied many of his mechanical improvements. He constructed at Bolton an immense water wheel 61 feet in diameter, perfected locomotives, and during 20 years received more than 80 parents for machinery. In 1847 he established Himself in Austria and engaged in building railroads.

Georg Christian Knapp

Georg Christian Knapp, a German theologian, born in Halle, Sept. 17, 1753, died there, Oct. 14, 1825. He was educated in the orphan school at Halle, founded by Francke, of which his father was director, and in the universities of Halle and Gottingen. In 1777 he became extraordinary, and in 1782 ordinary professor of theology at Halle, maintaining a system of rational supernaturalism, seeking to harmonize revelation with the theoretical and the practical reason. His Vorlesungen uber die Christ-liche Glaubenslehre has been translated into English, with additions, by Leonard Woods, jr., D. D.

Georg Friedrich Wilibald Ferdinand Von Colln

Georg Friedrich Wilibald Ferdinand Von Colln, a German author, born at Oerlinghausen, Lippe-Detmold, in 1766, died in Berlin, Jan. 13, 1820. He held various offices in different places, and was for a time editor of the Staats-Anzeiger in Berlin, but in 1808 was imprisoned in the fortress of Glatz on account of damaging disclosures of maladministration made in some of his books. In 1810 he was permitted to visit a watering place, whereupon he fled to Austria. The king of Prussia subsequently pardoned him, and he was even pensioned and employed in the public service. His works were chiefly anonymous. Among them are: Neue Feuerbrdnde (6 vols., Leipsic, 1807-'8); Wien und Berlin in Parallele (5 vols., 1808); Vertraute Briefe uber die innern Verhdlt-nisse am preussischen Hofe (3 vols., Amsterdam and Cologne, 1807-'9); Die neue Staats-wissenschaft (2d ed., Berlin, 1816); and His-torisches Archiv der preussischen Provinzial-verfassungen (1819-20).