Thomas Howard

Thomas Howard, third duke of Norfolk, an English statesman, born about 1473, died July 18, 1554. In 1513 he became high admiral of England, and in the same year aided his father in gaining the battle of Flodden field, for which he was created earl of Surrey. He afterward quelled an insurrection in Ireland under O'Neal, and one incited by the Catholics in the north of England. Though a stanch Catholic, he succeeded by his prudent conduct in disarming for a long time the suspicion and jealousy of Henry VIII., who however condemned to death his son, the accomplished earl of Surrey. The duke himself was finally condemned to be beheaded for treason; but the king dying before his execution, a respite was granted him, and he was kept a prisoner in the tower throughout the reign of Edward VI. On the accession of Mary in 1553 he was restored to his rank and property.

Thomas Howard #1

Thomas Howard, earl of Arundel. See Arundel.

Thomas Hyde

Thomas Hyde, an English orientalist, born at Billingsley, Shropshire, June 29, 1636, died in Oxford, Jan. 18, 1703. He studied at Cambridge and Oxford, took orders, became librarian of the Bodleian library, succeeded Po-cocke in 1691 as Laudian professor of Arabic, and soon after was appointed regius professor of Hebrew. In 1678 he was made archdeacon of Gloucester. He understood Hebrew, Syri-ac, Arabic, Persian, Armenian, Malay, and Chinese, and was interpreter of oriental languages to the court during the reigns of Charles II., James II., and WilliamIII. The most important of his works is Veterum Persarum et Medorum Religionis Historia (Oxford, 1700; best ed., 1760). A complete edition of his other writings appeared at Oxford in 1767.

Thomas I Kempis

See Kempis.

Thomas I Stick Walter

Thomas I Stick Walter, an American architect, born in Philadelphia, Sept. 4, 1804. He studied architecture with William Strickland, and began the practice of his art in 1830. In 1831 he designed the Philadelphia county prison. His designs for the Girard college were adopted by the city council in 1833, and the buildings, which occupied 14 years in their erection, were constructed throughout under his direction. In 1851 his plans for the extension of the United States capitol were adopted, and he was appointed architect of that work. He held the office 14 years, during which, in addition to the capitol extension, he designed and executed the iron dome of the capitol, the congressional library, the east and west wings of the patent office, and the extension of the general post office. He also designed the new treasury building and the government hospital for the insane. He was professor of architecture in the Franklin institute of Pennsylvania.

Thomas James

Thomas James, an English clergyman, born in Newport, Isle of Wight, in 1571, died in Oxford in August, 1629. He was educated at Winchester school and at New college, Oxford, of which he became fellow in 1593. In 1602 he was appointed the first librarian of the Bodleian library, a post which he occupied for nearly 20 years. In 1614 he became sub-dean of Wells, and not long after rector of Mon-geham, Kent. He was author of a number of learned works, mostly controversial, the principal of which are: Bellum Papale (4to, 1600, 1678), and "A Treatise of the Corruption of Scriptures, Councils, and Fathers, by the Prelates, Pastors, and Pillars of the Church of Rome for the Maintenance of Popery" (4to, 1612, 1688; new ed. by the Rev. J. E. Cox, 1843). His "Catalogue of the Bodleian Library" (4to, 1605,1620), and other writings, are highly esteemed by scholars.