2. Canel'La Winter-A'Na (Al'Ba), Canelloe Cortex, White Cinnamon

Canel'La Winter-A'Na (Al'Ba), Canelloe Cortex, White Cinnamon. Canellaceae. The dried inner bark, official 1820-1880; W. Indies. Tree 9-15 M. (30-50°) high, recognized by whitish bark; leaves thick; flowers white, aromatic; fruit berries 12 Mm. (1/2') long, blackish. Bark in quills 15-60 Cm. (6-24') long, 2-4 Cm. 4/5-1 3/5') in diameter, the bark 3 Mm. (1/8') thick, deprived of gray corky layer, orange-red, with scars, inside striate with resin cells, cinnamon odor; taste bitter, biting; contains volatile oil (having eugenol) 1 p. c, resin 8 p. c, bitter principle. Used in gastric debility, menorrhagia, amenorrhoea, as stimulant, tonic, condiment. Dose, gr. 5-30 (.3-2 Gm.). Pulvis Aloes (80) et Canella (20), Hierapicra, official 1820-1850, dose, gr. 5-10 (.3-6 Gm.).

3. Vio'La Tri'Color, Pansy

Vio'La Tri'Color, Pansy. Violaceae. The flowering herb, official 1880-1890; Europe, N. America, cultivated. Plant 10-30 Cm. (4-12') high, angular; leaves roundish, cordate; flowers variegated (yellow, whitish, blue, purplish); taste bitter; contains salicylic acid .1 p. c, bitter principle, resin. Used as alterative, expectorant; large doses emetic, cathartic; skin diseases, scrofula, syphilis, bronchitis, nephritis. Dose, gr. 15-60 (1-4 Gm.); in decoction, infusion, extract. V. peda'ta, Bird's-foot or Blue Violet, The herb and rhizome, official 1820-1880; Europe, N. America. Plant acaulescent; leaves 3-5-divided; flowers bluish; rhizome 25 Mm. (1') long, 18 Mm. (3/4) thick, bitter, acrid. Used as the preceding.

4. Passiflo'rainearna'ta. Passion-flower. - Passifloraceae. The dried herbage; S. United States. Slender climbing plant, flowers flesh-color; rhizome thin, yellowish-brown, hollow with nodes; slight odor and taste - unpleasant, fatty; contains alkaloid. Externally - hemorrhoids, erysipelas,burns; dose, gr. 5-10 (.3-6Gm.), tincture (dil. alc.) 20 p. c, ex-30 (.6-2 Ml. (Cc.)), inspissated juice of leaves, 3 j-4 (4-15 Ml. (Cc.)).

5. Tur'nera diffu'sa (microphylla) var. aphrodisi'aca, Damiana. - Turneraceae. The leaves; W. Mexico, Lower California, Texas. Leaves alternate, 10-25 Mm. (2/5-1') long, wedge-shaped base, 6-12-toothed, obovate, light green, with whitish hairs, aromatic, mint-like taste; contains volatile oil 1 p. c. (amber-color, aromatic odor, warm

Fig. 265. - Viola tricolor.

camphoraceous taste); damianin, 2 resins, tannin. Aphrodisiac, tonic, stimulant,laxative. Dose, 3ss-2 (2-8Gm.),fluidextract (75p.c.alcohol). 6. Ce'reus (Cac'tus) grandiflo'rus, Night-blooming Cereus. - Cactaceae. The fresh, succulent stems of the wild growing plant, collected when plant is in flower; usually preserved in alcohol; Mexico, W. Indies; cultivated. Small shrub, .3-1 M. (1-3°) high, stem green, fleshy, branching, 5-6-angled, angles 6-8-spined, flowers white, sessile, large, fragrant, opening at night, petals and stamens numerous, fruit white berry, size of an egg, acrid taste; contains cactine, acrid resinous glucoside, resins. Cardiac stimulant (tonic), diuretic, similar to digitalis, but non-cumulative, counter-irritant; cardiac palpitation and weakness, heart failure

Fig. 266. - Cereus grandiflorus: a, flowering stem; b, section of stem, showing cross and longitudinal sections.

from valvular disease, angina pectoris, aortic regurgitation, dropsies, low fevers, Graves' disease, tobacco, toxemia, sexual exhaustion. Dose, gr. 5-10 (.3-.6 Gm.); decoction, 5 p. c, 3j-2 (4-8 Ml. (Cc.)); fluidextract; tincture (alcohol), 50 p. c, exv-30 (1-2 Ml. (Cc.)).