Joseph Athias

Joseph Athias, a learned Jewish printer in Amsterdam, died about 1700. He is principally noted for having published two editions of the Old Testament in Hebrew in 1661 and 1667, on which, on account of their correctness, most of the modern editions are founded. They are remarkable for being the first in which the verses were marked with Arabic figures. In acknowledgment of his merits the states general conferred upon Athias a chain of gold and a medal.

Joseph Barber Lightfoot

Joseph Barber Lightfoot, an English clergyman, born in Liverpool in 1828. He was educated at Trinity college, Cambridge, where he graduated in 1851, was elected fellow in 1852, took orders in 1854, and became tutor of Trinity college in 1857. He was also appointed honorary chaplain to the queen and Hulsean professor of divinity in the university in 1861. A few years later he became examining chaplain of the archbishop of Canterbury, and in 1871 was made canon residentiary of St. Paul's cathedral, London. He has published " St. Paul's Epistle to the Galatians" (1869), "The Two Epistles to the Corinthians of St. Clement of Rome" (1869), "St. Paul's Epistle to the Philippians" (1870), each with revised text, notes, etc.; also an essay "On a Fresh Revision of the English New Testament" (1871).

Joseph Bellamy

Joseph Bellamy, 1). 1)., an American theologian, horn at North Cheshire, Conn., in 1719, died at Bethlehem, Conn., March 6, 1790. He graduated at Yale college in 1735, and was ordained pastor at Bethlehem in 1740. He remained in studious retirement until the famous revival of 17 42, when, leaving his charge, he began, in the manner of the time, a constant and extensive course of preaching. After the religious excitement had passed over, he returned to his parish and established a school of theological instruction,in which for many years he educated numbers of pupils for the ministry. Several sermons and treatises were published by him from 175o to 1762, which in 1811 were Collected in three volumes, with a sketch of his lite, and republished in 1850. His system of divinity coincides generally with that of President Edwards, with whom he was intimate.

Joseph Bernard Chabert

Joseph Bernard Chabert, marquis de, a French navigator and astronomer, born in Toulon, Feb. 28, 1723, died in Paris, Dec. 1, 1805. He entered the naval service in 1741, became a member of the French academy in 1758, and in 1781 was made commander of a squadron. He lost his sight through over study in 1800, and in 1804 was appointed a member of the board of longitudes. He was an accurate observer and industrious hydro-grapher. He planned and executed maps of the shores of North America, the Mediterranean, and especially of Greece. One of his principal works is Voyages sur les cotes de l'Amerique Septentrionale (Paris, 1753).

Joseph Bingham

Joseph Bingham, an English scholar and divine, born at Wakefield, Yorkshire, in September, 1668, died Aug. 17, 1723. An unfortunate controversy, in which he took a prominent part, forced him to resign his fellowship at Oxford; he was, however, presented to the rectory of Head bourn-Worthy, in Hampshire. There he began his famous "Origines Ecclesi-asticae, or Antiquities of the Christian Church " (10 vols., 1708-,22). In 1712 he was presented to the rectory of Havant, near Portsmouth. In 1720 he was one of the many that were ruined by the South sea bubble.