RUIT is rapidly becoming one of the staple productions of Western New York Both climate and soil hare proved highly favorable to its cultivation. Apples, Pears, Peaches, Plums, Quinces, and all the small fruits, are produced in the highest perfection, and,' if we except Peaches, which of late have been somewhat uncertain, the crops very seldom fail. Beside, there exists the most ample facilities for marketing that could possibly be desired. The face of the country is divided and subdivided in all directions with railroads and canals, between the lakes and the great cities on the sea-board. This consideration is one of no trifling importance, because the abundance of our crops or the excellence of our fruits would avail but little, for commerce, without adequate means of conveying them to market On this account, large orchards were formerly confined to the neighborhood of towns and villages offering, a local market Now local markets are held to be of very little account by extensive growers. The most extensive orchardists in the vicinity of Rochester seldom dispose of any considerable portion of their fruits in that city, the local demand being supplied by those who have but small quantities to spare over and above the wants of their families.

Another reason why fruit-culture is extending rapidly in Western New York, is that the Wheat crop - the great farm staple of this region - has for some years past been diminishing in value, on account of the extensive ravages of the Weevil. Hundreds, yes, thousands of acres of land in the valley of the Genesee, which has heretofore yielded the far-famed Genesee Wheat, the finest in the world, will this year be cropped with Rye.

To these causes we must add the rivalry of the Western States in grain-growing, now that railroads have brought them into such close proximity. The difference at this day in the price of a bushel of wheat between Buffalo and the upper lake ports, is greatly reduced from its former standard; and this reduction is all in favor of the western farmer. This very fact is attracting a large number of our most enterprising New York cultivators to the cheap, unexhausted lands of the new States; and thus our agricultural population is actually diminishing.

On all these accounts, the necessity of making some change has become obvious to many of the New York agriculturists, and what can better answer their purpose than fruit-culture ? We answer, nothing, and for the reasons we have already given, to wit, the fitness of their soil and climate, and their highly eligible position. All that is necessary to complete success, is the exercise of energy and perseverance, combined with skillful and judicious management We offered some hints in our last number, which we think may be profitably read in this connection.

Famous as the "Genesee country" is for its fruit production, yet in this very country much has yet to be learned, not only respecting the culture of fruits, but their gathering, packing, marketing, and the great arts of keeping, drying, and preserving. The demand for fruits may, if necessary, be increased almost an hundred-fold, by the application of science and art in perfecting modes of preparing fruits for the use of our fleets of passenger and merchant vessels, for export to distant countries, and for the use of our population, both in city and country, during the long winter months, when, as at present, no fresh fruit is to be had, save an Apple. We had a letter from a friend of ours, the other day, on this subject, stating that he had endeavored to enlist our State Agricultural Society in this matter, and induce it to encourage some experiments. The matter is important enough to claim the Society's attention, but we have sufficient faith in the energy and ingenuity of our people, to believe that as soon as fruits become abundant, or rather superabundant, and cease to command such high prices in the fresh state as they now do, that successful modes of preserving, drying, etc., on a large scale, will not long be wanting. "Necessity is the mother of invention;" and when the necessity presses, the invention will speedily follow.

A society has just been organized, under the title of "The Fruit Growers' Society Of Western New York," which announces its object to be, "the advancement of the science of pomology and the art of fruit-culture." It embraces the twenty-three western counties* of the State of New York, and in each county there is appointed a committee of three persons, selected from among the most intelligent, experienced, and zealous cultivators of fruit These twenty-three county committees unitedly form one general committee, which has a chairman, who will receive all their reports, and prepare them for publication at the end of the year. By way of suggesting a course of inquiry to the local committees, and also for the purpose of facilitating the work of making up reports, the chairman of the general committee has issued a circular in which the more important subjects for inquiry are brought forward in the form of questions, thus:

Statistical Inquiries

1. About how much land, in your county, is there occupied with fruit trees?

2. About how many fruit trees are there under cultivation in your county, exclusive of nurseries; and how many of these are Apple, Pear, Peach, Plum, Cherry, etc.?

8. What would you estimate the annual produce of fruit to be in your county, in bushels or other given quantities; and how does the culture of fruits compare with ordinary field crops, as to profit ?

4. What quantity of fruits are sold annually from your county, and their value per bushel, barrel, etc.?

5. How many nurseries of fruit trees are there in your county; how many acres of land do they occupy; and about how many trees of the different fruits have they under cultivation! [It may also be well to add, when convenient, particulars relative to the value of the land, labor employed, etc].