The question was asked, Cannot we graft a good substitute upon our vines, and get them to bear the first or second year?

Mr. P. Bissell. The grafting of the grape-vine during the full flow of the sap is a difficult matter, but there is an old process called inarching, (it is spoken of in the Horticulturist for January, I860,) by which nearly all the risks are removed to a skilful operator. Root-grafting the grape is not difficult. We " saddle-graft" all our " single eyes." As to the growth. In the summer of 1858 we propagated Dianas and other grapes in this way. In the spring of 1859 the plants stood in the pots, and nurserymen and other buyers selected such as they wished from the stock. About TOO were left, which were of course not the best, and we set them out in our nursery rows. Not one of those culls died; all made good growth, and some of them fruited. Agents took those two year old vines, and delivered to customers with the fruit on. Can a layer bear quicker?

Mr. G. L. Hoag. Likes pot plants better than layers. In spring of 1856 set out slender Dianas from pots, and they averaged forty clusters in three years.

Mr. Ellwanger has grafted the Diana just as well in the open ground as the apple. Wait until just after the vines have made a fair start, then graft on a level with the surface of the soil; heap soil around the junction, and cover ail the scion except one bud with earth.

Mr. Townsend. Must wait until after the first great rush of the sap.

Mr. Ainsworth. The grape can be grafted with very little difficulty in the winter. When growth begins the lower part of scion calluses over, and throws out roots, while the roots upon which it was grafted will die. The advantage of pot vines is, that you have every fibre of the root; while in layers many must necessarily be cut or broken off. While the layer is recuperating its energies and throwing out new roots, the pot-vine has nothing to do but grow. Have had Del a wares which this year have grown fifteen feet, which in spring of 1859 were hardly the size of a knitting needle. Layers, as they are commonly taken up, have plenty of big roots; but of the fibrous roots, the real food vessels of the plant, they have not one-tenth as many as the pot plants. Shake all the dirt out and spread the roots thoroughly. Diana and Concord plants that I started in pots in a cold glass house in spring of 1859, were turned out from the pots into the nursery, and grew so as to form layers, and in some cases double layered and rooted.

L. B. Langworthy. The first Clinton grape in this county I grafted upon an old vine, waiting till the sap had pretty well run in the spring. I have grafted upon old wild vines, and had the scions bear fruit in two years.

F. B. Peck thinks it advisable to protect the Isabella during our winters. In the winter of 1858-9, the vines killed worse than ever before. Knows it was the exposure, because vines that happened to be dropped off the trellises did not kill as badly: part that lay on the ground grew vigorously. It was not the wood that winter killed, only the buds. J. J. Thomas. Dr. H. H. Farley left 2000 grape-vines unprotected in the winter of 1858-9, and had far smaller crops than usual in the summer of 1869; would have saved $2,000 if he had covered the vines.

Mr. Peck. A neighbor has 1,000 vines same age as mine, (three years set,) which stand in a sheltered situation near some woods, and he gathered 3000 pounds from his 1000 vines as his first crop.

D. W. Beadle, of Canada. Easiest and best mode of protecting is to lay the vines on the ground, and cover them lightly with soil. Straw is objectionable, because it furnishes a harbor for the ground mice. Evergreens are difficult to get.

Mr. Ringueberg tried three parallel rows, leaving one row fastened to the stake, the next row simply laid on surface of ground, and third row covered. The first row did well; the next row better, and the third row fruited 20 per cent, better than those which were simply laid down. Thinks it paid him well to cover every Isabella vine in his vineyard.

Mr. Ainsworth laid down his vines each year; while a neighbor who does not cover, has lost his crop partially each year for the last five years. Mr. A. trains on the renewal system. Branches should not be allowed to run nearer than eighteen inches to the earth; else fruit gets sandy.

P. Barry thinks upon east or south side of board fence the fruit will ripen much better than on a trellis or stake.

Mr. Peck. Much more liable to mildew on south side of fence. My Ga-tawbas ripened this year very well upon an open trellis; but they are not the grape to cultivate here; not early enough.

P. Barry. Plants are not in danger from mildew if the trellis be a little way from the wall. Has tried Delaware, Diana, Rebecca, etc, in that manner. Delaware was remarkably vigorous; last season's canes were fifteen to eighteen feet in height, and thick.

H. B. Miner. Never had a really ripe Isabella or Catawba on an open trellis, while on south and east sides of house both ripen well. Diana ripens on open trellis.

W. P. Townsend. As to ripe Catawbas, a neighbor has ripened three successive crops of Catawbas upon a side hill sloping to the south and southeast - well sheltered: leached ashes the only manure. This year sold 1,100 pounds for twenty-two cents per pound, box and all. Unless in especial cases like this, would not recommend Catawba.

J. J. Thomas here spoke of Dr. Farley's vineyard. 1st. Dr. F. thoroughly tile-drained the land. 2d. Plowed and subsoiled. 3d. Put on 100 to 200 loads of lake mud, and worked it into a soil which was fertile before. Results in 1859, when under ordinary circumstances I did not see an Isabella fully ripe, Dr. Farley's were perfectly ripe. I never saw a sight equal to it. The vines were planted in rows ten feet apart, running north and south, and set twelve feet apart in the rows; were trained to wire trellises seven feet high, and were pruned according to the renewal system.

Mr. Brooks appealed to farmers. Hoped the culture of grapes might be extended; wished the increase of all fruit, and even of - dwarf pears, (audible smiles).

Comparative merits, all things considered, of pears, apples, and small fruits, for extensive market cultivation by skilful cultivators ?

Mr. Sharpe. Will guarantee that as soon as the farmers in my section of country can be convinced that there is money to be made in the culture of dwarf pears, they will take good care of the trees.

Mr. Brooks. The cultivators of pears for market should bo small landholders. Large farmers must have things easily cultivated for the present; but the day will come when every holder of land, however great or small, will be considered disgraced if he don't supply his family freely with such luxuries as we see here before us, (waving his hands to the loaded tables;) and they are the greatest under heaven.

P. Barry. The merits of the different fruits depend on the circumstances and situation of cultivators. Near large cities perhaps small fruits would exceed the others; but, where the crops must be barrelled up and sent by railroad, then apples and pears will be best. Do not depend solely upon any one sort of crop. Considering our climate, soil, help at command, convenience of transportation, etc, we in Western New York can't go amiss. The estimated value of the apple crop in Niagara county alone was (500,000. Just think of nice pears bringing $18 and $20 per barrel in New York city, and good winter pears would sell for more. There are risks to be run in the cultivation of the pear, and so are there risks in raising wheat, and potatoes, and maize; but to the skilful cultivator the pear now offers the greatest inducements.

In answer to a question, Mr. B. said, I think the pear crop is uniformly more certain than the apple. If trees die from blight, fill up from a reserve which you have ready.

Mr. Townsend, of Lockport, mentioned a gentleman who had travelled in every State of the United States, and in all Europe, within sixteen months, and had seen no apples like those exhibited here to-day; and except very few pears, none like ours. Western New York will become the home of the pear in the United States. If I were going to set pear-trees again, would never set a standard. Would not recommend a man to plant trees unless he means to take care of them.

Mr. Smith, of Syracuse. The taste of the people is being cultivated, and they are willing to pay for good fruit. A few years ago, I met at Syracuse a man going home with his pears because he could not sell them at $1 25 per bushel. The price this year for the same variety is $4 00 per bushel. In planting pears I would not care to plant any but dwarfs.

Mr. Hodge, of Buffalo. It has been an argument against the culture of pears because prices have gone up. The fact is, that half the people never saw a good pear; and now that they have seen and tasted good fruit, they are willing to pay for it; and instead of being an argument against pear culture, it is one of the strongest arguments in favor of good, proper, and careful cultivation.

S. Miller. Judging from the habits of gentlemen in the city of New York, that market is entirely inexhaustible. Is perfectly certain it will absorb all that the western part of the State can produce.

Mr. Brooks, of Wyoming Co. Has seen Baldwin apple-trees in this garden of Western New York, when each tree netted a greater profit than the average acre of land in Wyoming County. Some persons fear lest the market will be glutted. If so, give fruit to the horses - to cattle - to hogs - to hens - there is nothing that lives, or ought to live, will refuse a good apple. (Great laughter).

Mr. Ainsworth. The net profits per acre of the apple crop will average five times as much per year as the wheat crop. If dwarf pear-trees bear ,early, standards are long-lived. Judge Howell, of Canandaigua, has for forty years sold his crop from the same trees at $3 00 per bushel. I believe we can get a bushel of pears from a standard tree before we can get that quantity of apples from a tree: you can set 160 standard pear-trees to the acre, and only forty apple-trees; and in market pears will bring $3 00 and $4 00 per bushel, and apples only $1 00 per bushel. Pears need more care than apples; but not as much as wheat or corn. Certainly the pear, with present prices and prospects, is six to eight times as profitable as the apple. The great secret is good tillage and proper pruning.

Mr. Beadle. Neighbors in Canada, upon a soil admirably suited to pears, are raising apples and shipping to Scotland for $2 50 per barrel. Pears are certainly far the most profitable.

Mr. Ellwanger. Twenty-five years ago there were not 100 pear-trees in this city. It was in 1845 that the first dwarf pear-trees came - I brought them myself. Pears are not propagated as extensively as apples.

Mr. Barry. It requires skill and care to grow pears. Farmers have not experience yet, except in wheat, &c; but one by one will go into pear culture as fast as they can get information.