Norwich (Nor'ridge), a cathedral city, the capital of Norfolk, and a parliamentary, county, and municipal borough (the first returning two members), is situated on the Wensum, immediately above its confluence with the Yare, 18 miles W. of Yarmouth and 114 NNE. of London. Pop. (1801)34,975; (1831).C1,110; (1881) 87,842; (1901) 111,728. Built on the summit and slopes of a hill which gradually rises from the river, the city, with its hamlets, covers an area of 7472 acres, as compared with that of 1300 enclosed by its ancient walls (1294-1342). Its narrow, winding streets are rich in examples of early architecture - as Pull's Ferry and the Bishop's Bridge (1295), both on the river-banks ; St Giles' Hospital (1249); the Ethelbert Gateway (c. 1272); Bishop Salmon's Gateway (c. 1325); the Guildhall (completed 1413); Erpingham Gate (1420); the Music House (partly Norman, and once a residence of Sir Edward Coke); the Bridewell (Decorated and Perpendicular, c. 1400); and the Dolphin Inn (1587). The cathedral, almost wholly Norman in plan, but the growth of more than four centuries, occupies a site close to the river, and was founded in 1096 by Bishop Herbert Losinga : its dimensions are 407 feet in length by 72 in breadth (or 178 across the transepts), and it is surmounted by a noble (Norman) tower and (Decorated) spire of 315 feet - the highest in England next to Salisbury. Close by is the grammar-school, founded as a Mortuary Chapel in 1319, and famous as the place of education of Lord Nelson, Rajah Brooke, and other celebrities ; also St Andrew's Hall (Perpendicular; formerly the church of the Black Friars), in which are held the triennial musical festivals, first established at Norwich in 1824. Next after the cathedral the most striking edifice is the castle, crowning the summit of a sugar-loaf mound in the centre of the city: its massive quadrangular Norman keep, the only portion now standing, has since 1886 been converted from a prison to a museum. On the cattle-market beneath the castle is held annually, on Maundy Thursday, the famous cattle and sheep fair, formerly held on Tombland, and so graphically described in Borrow's Lavengro. The churches, forty-four in number, are for the most part built of flint, and in the Perpendicular style : those of St Peter Mancroft, St Andrew, St Giles, St Lawrence, St Michael Coslany, and St Stephen are the finest examples; whilst of modern public buildings may be mentioned the hospital (founded 1771 and rebuilt 1879-83), an Agricultural Hall (1882), and a Volunteer Drill-tiall (1886). Formerly one of the largest seats in England of the worsted-weaving trade, the city is still noted for its textile fabrics - especially its crapes ; but the principal manufactures now carried on are those of mustard, starch, ornamental ironware, boots and shoes, whilst extensive breweries and a vinegar distillery, as well as large nursery-gardens on the outskirts of the town, give employment to many hands. The bishopric was translated hither from Thet-ford in 1094; and the chief subsequent event in the city's history was the encampment of Ket's rebels on Mousehold Heath (1549). Of citizens the best known are Thomas Bilney ; Archbishop Parker; Dr Cains; Greene (the dramatist); Bishops Cosin and Tanner ; Sir Thomas Browne ; Dr Samuel Clarke; ' Old' Crome, his son, Cot-man, Stark, and Vincent (the 'Norwich school' of painters); Mrs Opie ; Crotch (the composer); W. Taylor; Professor Brewer; Sir "W. J. Hooker; Gurney and his sister, Elizabeth Fry; Lindley (the botanist); and Harriet Martineau and her brother James.

See works by Stacy (1819), Bayne (1858), Goul-burn (1876), Jarrold (1883), and Jessopp (1884); also those cited under Norfolk.