"Hope and the future for me are not in lawns and cultivated fields, not in towns and cities, but in the impervious and quaking swamps. When, formerly, I have analyzed my partiality for some farm which I had contemplated purchasing, I have frequently found that I was attracted solely by a few square rods of impermeable and unfathomable bog - a natural sink in one corner of it. That was the jewel which dazzled me. I derive more of my subsistence from the swamps which surround my native town than from the cultivated gardens in the village. There are no richer parterres to my eyes than the dense beds of dwarf andromeda (Cassandra calyculata) which cover these tender places on the earth's surface. Botany cannot go farther than tell me the names of the shrubs which grow there - the high blueberry, panicled andromeda, lambkill, azalea, and rhodora - all standing in the quaking sphagnum. . . . Why not put my house, my parlor, behind this plot instead of behind that meager assemblage of curiosities, that poor apology for Nature and Art which I call my front yard?" - From Thoreau's Excursions.

The dividing line between this and the first chapter is often faint, since the banks of streams may be marshy.

Cat-tail Flag (Typha latifolia). Page 375.

Narrow-leaved Cat-tail (T. angustifolia). Page 375. Near the coast. Arrow Grass (Triglochin maritima). Page 20. Salt marshes. Water Arum (Calla palustris). Page 42. Skunk Cabbage (Symplocarpus foetidus). Page 21. Yellow-eyed Grass (Xyris caroliniana). Page 149. Sandy shores and wet places. (X. flexuosa). Page 147. Wet sandy soil. (X.fimbriata). Page 149. Wet pine barrens. (X. arenicola). Page 149. Wet pine barrens. Bog Asphodel (Nartliecium americanum). Page 149. Wet pine barrens. Swamp Pink (Helonias bullata). Page 298. Rare and local. Mountain Bellwort (Oakcsiapubcnila). Page 150.

White Hellebore. Indian Poke (Veratrum viride). Page 23. Three-leaved Solomon's Seal (Smilacina trifolia). Page 48. Fleur-de-lis. Larger Blue Flag (Iris versicolor). Page 300. Slender Blue Flag (I. prismatica). Page 371. Swamps near the coast. Ram's Head Lady's Slipper (Cypripcdium arietinum). Page 302.

Also in rich, moist woods. Showy Lady's Slipper (C. hirsutum). Page 50. Small White Lady's Slipper (C. candidum). The lip of this species is white, striped with purple near the base, within.

Like the stemless lady's slipper the lip is a pocket or sac.

Sepals and petals are greenish with purple spots. Stem, leafy, one-flowered. One of the rarer orchids, growing in swamps in New York and southward, flowering in May and June. Smaller Yellow Lady's Slipper (C. parviflorum). Page 159. Rein Orchis (Habenaria flava). Page 23. Common southward. (H. obtusata). Page 23. Found also in rich woods. Yellow Fringed Orchis (H. ciliaris). Page 162. Also in wet meadows. White Fringed Orchis (H. blephariglottis). Page 52. Small Purple Fringed Orchis (H. psycodcs). Page 246. In wet, open meadows. Rose Pogonia (Pogonia ophioglossoides). Page 248. Calopogon (Calopogon pulchellus). Page 250. Also in low, wet meadows. Arethusa (Arethusa bulbosa). Page 250. Slender Ladies' Tresses (Spiranthes cernua). Page 54. Twayblade (Listera cordata). Page 304. Adder's Mouth (Microstylis monophyllos). Page 24. Also in cold, moist woods. Green Adder's Mouth (M. unifolia). Page 24. Twayblade (Liparis Loeselii). Page 24. Local, found also in damp thickets. Lizard's Tail (Saururus cernuus). Page 56. Sweet Gale (Myrica Gale). Page 379. Low or Swamp Birch (Betula pumila). Page 381. Speckled or Hoary Alder (Alnus incana). Page 382. Great Water Dock (Rumex Britannica). Page 26. Swamp Dock (R. verticillatus). Page 26. Marsh Chickweed. Swamp Starwort (Stellaria uliginosa).

Page 65. Water Plantain Spearwort (Ranunculus laxicaulis). Page 164.

Often in wet ditches. Low Spearwort (R. piisillus). Page 164. Near the coast. Cursed Crowfoot (R. sceleratus). Page 164.

Marsh Marigold (Caltha palustris). Page 166.

Spreading Globeflower (Trollius laxus). Page 168.

Goldthread (Coptis trifolia). Page 71. Also in moist woods.

Umbrella Leaf (Diphylleia cymosa). Page 75. Along mountains of Virginia and southward, beside springs.

Water Cress (Radicula Nasturtium-aquaticum). Page 79. Wet ditches, etc.

Marsh Cress (R. palustris). Page 171. Often growing in shallow water.

Pitcher-plant (Sarracenia purpurea). Page 311.

Round-leaved Sundew (Droscra rotundifolia). Page 8j. In wet, sandy, springy ground, and in swamps.

Long-leaved Sundew (D. longifolia). Page 83. In pine barrens growing in wet sand.

Thread-leaved Sundew (D. filiformis). Page 312. Pine barrens near the coast.

Golden Saxifrage (Chrysosplcnium americanum). Page 33.

Grass of Parnassus (Parnassia caroliniana). Page 85. Also on wet limestone rocks.

Swamp Black Currant (Ribes lacustrc). Page 384.

Chokeberry (Pyrus arbutifolia). Page 395.

Marsh Five-finger (Potentilla palustris). Page 312.

Silver Weed (P. Anserina). Page 174. Brackish marshes.

Water or Purple Avens (Geum rivale). Page 312. Also in wet meadows.

Canadian Burnet (Sanguisorba canadensis). Page 87.

Swamp Rose (Rosa Carolina). Page 437.

(R. nitida). Page 439.

Dwarf Wild Rose (R. lucida). Page 439.

Marsh Milkwort (Polygala cruciata). Page 320.

(P. brevifolia). Page 321.

Orange Milkwort (P. luted). Page 183.

Poison Sumach or Poison Dogwood (Rhus Vernix). Page 387

Dahoon Holly (Ilex Cassine). Page 403. Virginia and southward.

Buckthorn (Rhammts carotiniana). Page 390. Also on river banks.

(R. alnifolia). Page 390.

Swamp Rose Mallow (Hibiscus Mosclieutos). Page 265. Especially in brackish marshes, near the coast.

Crimson-eyed or White Hibiscus (H. oculiroseus). Page 94. Especially near the coast.

Loblolly Bay (Gordonia Lasianthus). Page 404. Near the coast, south of Virginia.

Marsh St. John's-wort (Hypericum virginicum). Page 267.

(H. virgatum). Page 190. Pennsylvania southward, in damp pine barrens. Lance-leaved Violet (Viola lanceolata). Page 94. Also in damp meadows. Swamp Loosestrife (Dccodon verticHiatus). Page 269. Loosestrife (Lythrum hyssop if olio). Page 323. Near the coast. (L. lineare). Page 96. Brackish marshes.

Deergrass. Meadow Beauty (Rhexia virginica). Page 271. (R. mariana). Page 271. Sandy swamps. Seedbox (Ludvigia alternifolia). Page 194. Also moist, rich woods. Water Purslane (L. palustris). Page 271. (L. hirtella). Page 195. Wet pine barrens. (L. sphaerocarpa). Page 35. Often in water. (L. polycarpa). Page 35. (L. linearis). Page 195.

Soft Willow Herb (Epilobium molle). Page 273. Water Pennywort (Hydrocotyle amcricana). Page 100. Mock Bishop's-weed (Ptilimnium capillaccum). Page 102.

Brackish marshes. Water Hemlock (Cicuta bulbifera). Page 104. Spotted Cowbane (C. maculata). Page 104. (Berula erecta). Page 104.

Water Parsnip (Slum cicutaefolium). Page 104. Cow Parsnip (Heracleum lanatum). Page 106. Cowbane (Oxypolis rigidior). Page 106. Hemlock Parsley (Conioselinum chinense). Page 106. Silky Cornel. Kinnikinnik (Cornus Amomum). Page 406. Red-osier Dogwood (C. stolonifera). Page 406. Stiff Cornel (C. stricta). Page 406. Clammy Azalea. White Swamp Honeysuckle (Rhododendron viscosum). Page 411. Near the coast. Purple Azalea. Pinxter Flower (R. nudiflorum). Page 441. Rhodora (R. canadense). Page 441. Sheep Laurel. Lambkill. Wicky (Kalmia angustifolia). Page

442. Also on hillsides and in pastures. Pale Laurel (K. polifolia). Page 442. Also on mountains. Bog Rosemary (Andromeda glaucophylla). Page 412. Leather Leaf. Dwarf Cassandra (Chamaedaphne calyculata).

Page 413. Moxie Plum. Creeping Snowberry. Capillaire (Chiogenes hispidula). Page 114. Found in peat bogs as well as mossy woods. Dwarf Huckleberry (Gaylussacia dumosa). Page 444. Sandy swamps near the coast. Black Huckleberry (G. baccata). Page 442. Also in rocky woods.

Blueberry (Vacciniiun virgatum). Page 444.

Canada Blueberry (V. canadense). Page 417. Also in damp woods. Swamp Blueberry (V. corymbosum). Page 417. Cranberry (V. Oxycoccus). Page 276. Large American Cranberry (V. macrocarpon). Page 276. Swamp Milkweed (Asclepias incarnata). Page 282. Hedge Nettle (Stachys hyssopifolia). Page 339. (S. tenuijolia). Page 340. Woundwort (S. palustris). Page 339. Bugle Weed (Lycopus virginicus). Page 121. Also in low, wet meadows. False Pimpernel (llysanthes dubia). Page 348. Hedge Hyssop (Gratiola virginiana). Page 127. Also on wet shores. Golden Hedge Hyssop (G. aurea). Page 204. Often near the coast, along shores of fresh-water bays. Marsh Speedwell (Veronica scutellata). Page 350. Lousewort (Pedicularis lanceolata). Page 208. Small Bedstraw (Galium trifidum). Page 128. Swamp Fly Honeysuckle (Lonicera oblongifolia). Page 436.

In swamps of arbor vitae and larch woods. Mountain Fly Honeysuckle (L. caerulea). Page 435. Arrow-wood (Viburnum dentatum). Page 422. Withe-rod. Wild Raisin (V. cassinoides). Page 422 Thoroughwort (Eupatorium leucolepis). Page 130. Bog Golden-rod (Solidago uliginosa). Page 220. (S. patula). Page 220. (S. neglecta). Page 222. (S. Elliottii). Page 220. Near the coast in fresh or brackish swamps. (S. graminifolia). Page 222. Low, Rough Aster (Aster radula). Page 357. Purple-stem Aster (A. puniceus). Page 364. Bog Aster (A. nemoralis). Page 362. Marsh Elder. Highwater-shrub (Iva oraria). Page 424. Salt marshes. Wild Sunflower (Helianthus giganteus). Page 228. Also in low thickets. Narrow-leaved Sunflower (H. angustifolius). Page 228. In sandy wet places, near the coast. Tickseed (Coreopsis rosea). Page 296. Swamp Beggar-ticks (Bidens connata). Page 232. Larger Bur Marigold (B. laevis). Page 232. Near the coast. Tall Tickseed Sunflower (B. trichosperma). Page 234. Swamp Thistle (Cirsium muticum). Page 367.