Hanno the Carthaginian off Sierra Leone......................

B.C. 470

Alexander the Great in the Punjab.................................

327

Nearchus in the Indian Ocean........................................

325

Pytheas of Marseilles in British Seas............................

320

Megasthenes at Patna on the Ganges...........................

300

Julius Cæsar in Britain...................................................

55

Agricola in Britain......................................................

A.D. 84

Cosmas Indicopleustes in India.....................................

550

Sulaiman (Arab) in India and China.....

9th c.

Sindbad the Sailor on Indian Coast.............................

9th c.

Iceland colonised from Norway.................................

9th c.

Norsemen in Vinland (America).................................

10th c.

Benjamin of Tudela in India, etc........

1160-73

John of Carpini at Karakorum.....................................

1254

Marco Polo at the Court of Kubla Khan.......................

1270

Ibn Batuta in Bokhara, India, China............................

1325-49

,, ,, in Timbuctoo..............................................

1353

Maderia Islands discovered...........................................

1418

Cape Bojador doubled by Gil Eannes..........................

1433

Diaz discovers Cape of Good Hope.............................

1486

Columbus discovers Watling's Island..........................

1492

,, ,, Cuba and Hayti..........................

1492

,, ,, Jamaica and Windward Islands..........................

1494

Cabot discovers N. American Coast.............................

1497

Da Gama discovers Cape Passage................................

1497

Columbus discovers S. American Coast.......................

1498

Pinzon at the Amazon..................................................

1499

Cortez in Mexico..........................................................

1519

Magellan in the Pacific................................................

1520

His lieutenant circumnavigates world.........................

1519-22

The Portuguese in Abyssinia.........................................

1520

Western Australia sighted by Portuguese.....................

1522

Pizarro in Peru........................

1532

Cartier at Montreal.........................................................

1535

Portuguese trade with Japan..........................................

1542

Chancellor in the White Sea..........................................

1552

Frobisher in Frobisher Bay...........................................

1576

Drake circumnavigates the world.................................

1577-80

Davis in Davis Strait......................................................

1587

Hawkins in the Pacific...................................................

1593

Barentz at Nova Zembla and Spitzbergen....................

1594

Benedict Goes in India and Central Asia.......................

1603

Champlain at Quebec..................................................

1608

Hudson in Hudson Bay...............................................

1610

Baffin in Baffin Bay ....................................................

1616

Dirk Hartog on the Australian Coast.......................

1616

Russians in Siberia.........................................................

1698

Dampier on New Guinea Coast....................................

1700

Behring in Behring Strait.............................................

1728

Bruce explores Nile and Abyssinia......

1768-73

Cook on the East Coast of Australia..............................

1770

Kerguelen at Kerguelen Land......................................

1771

La Perous in Polynesia................................................

1787

Mungo Park on the Gambia......................................

1795

Humboldt in South America......................................

1799

Mungo Park on the Niger..............................................

1805

Stemship first crosses the Atlantic...............................

1819

Parry at Melville Island................................................

1820

Bellinghausen in the Antarctic......................................

1821

Ross in Boothia Felix....................................................

1831

Biscoe in the Antarctic.................................................

1831

Darwin on Beagle Expedition......................................

1831-36

Ross in the Antarctic.....................................................

1841

Franklin in Franklin Strait.............................................

1846

Livingstone at Lake Ngami..........................................

1849

M'Clure in Prince of Wales Strait................................

1850

Barth on the Benue.......................................................

1851

Kane at Grinnell Land..................................................

1853

Burton and Speke on Lake Tanganyika.....................

1856

Livingstone on the Zambesi......................................

1858

Livingstone at Lake Nyassa......................................

1859

Burke and Wills traverse Australia...............................

1860

Speke on the Victoria Nyanza......................................

1862

Baker on the Albert Nyanza............

1864

De Long at Wrangel Land..............

1867

Schweinfurth on the Welle.........................................

1870

Challenger Expedition..................

1872-76

Payer & Weyprecht in Franz-Josef Land...................

1874

Stanley on the Upper Congo............

1876

Nordenskiold in the North-east Passage.....................

1878

Emin Pasha in Equatoria.............................................

1878-89

Greely in Smith Sound..................................................

1882-83

Lockwood reaches 83o23' N......................................

1882

Prejevalski in Gobi Desert.........................................

1883-84

Junker in Central Africa.............................................

1885-86

Stanley at Albert-Edward Nyanza................................

1889

Peary in North Greenland...........................................

1892-1906

Nansen in the Polar Ice...............................................

1893-96

Scott in Antarctic.........................................................

1902-4